Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
[continued from DhP 104]
not a god, not a Gandharva, not Mara with Brahma,
can turn into defeat the victory of a person of such
form.
na eva devo
na gandhabbo na maro
saha brahmuna
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neg. part. N.m. neg.
N.m. neg. N.m. conj.
N.m.
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Nom.Sg. | Nom.Sg. |
Ins.Sg.
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List of Abbreviations
jitaj apajitaj
kayira tatha+rupassa
jantuno
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N.n. N.n.
V.act. Adv. Adj.m. N.m.
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.opt. |
Gen.Sg. Gen.Sg.
I.*__|
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*: I. continued from DhP 104.
na, neg.: not.
eva, part.: just.
Euphonic combination na + eva = n'eva.
devo: deva-, N.m.: god. Nom.Sg. = devo.
na: see above.
gandhabbo: gandhabba-, N.m.: Gandharva,
heavenly musician, a class of gods.
Nom.Sg. = gandhabbo.
na: see above.
maro: mara-, N.m.: Mara, personified death, the Evil One, devil. Nom.Sg. = maro.
saha, conj.: with.
List of Abbreviations
brahmuna: brahman-, N.m.: the god Brahma. Ins.Sg. = brahmuna.
jitaj: jita-, Adj.: conquered. It is a p.p. of the verb root ji- (to conquer, to win). As an N.n.: victory. Acc.Sg. = jitaj.
apajitaj: apajita-, Adj.: defeated. It is the word jita- (see above) with the prefix apa- (away). As an N.n.: defeat. Acc.Sg. = apajitaj.
kayira, V.: would do. The verb is root kar- (to do). 3.Sg.act.opt. = kayira.
tatharupassa:
tatharupa-,
Adj.: such, of such form. It is a compound of:
tatha-,
Adv. thus, in such way.
rupa-,
N.n.: form, appearance, figure.
Gen.Sg.m. = tatharupassa.
jantuno: jantu-, N.m.: being, person, man. Gen.Sg. = jantuno.
List of Abbreviations
The object of this verse consists of
four words. They are: devo (god, nominative singular), gandhabbo
(Gandharva, nominative singular), maro
(Mara, nominative singular) and brahmuna
([with] Brahma, instrumental singular). They are negated by multiple negative
particles na (not). The last of them, brahmuna,
is connected to the previous ones by the conjunction saha (with).
The object is the adjective/noun jitaj
(victory, accusative singular). It has several attributes. One of them
is the adjective/noun apajitaj (defeat,
accusative singular). Another is the noun jantuno (of a person,
genitive singular) with its own attribute, the adjective tatharupassa
(of such a form, genitive singular). The last set of attributes comes from
the previous verse (see DhP 104). The verb is kayira
(can do, 3rd person, singular, active, optative).
The story for this verse is identical
to the one for the previous verse (see DhP 104).
The final victory in the highest battle
with the mind is the attainment of Arahantship. When we achieve this victory,
nothing in the world can "undo" it. Nobody can defeat us any more. No gods,
not even Mara, the Evil One can do anything. We reach the deliverance and
are free from the cycle of rebirth, from suffering and pain.
Word pronunciation:
na
eva
devo
gandhabbo
maro
saha
brahmuna
jitaj
apajitaj
kayira
tatharupassa
tatha
rupassa
jantuno