Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
A good person may even see evil [in his good deeds] as
long as the goodness has not ripened.
When the goodness has ripened, then the good person sees
those good deeds.
bhadro pi passati
papaj
yava bhadraj
na paccati
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N.m. conj. V.act.in.
N.n. Rel.Adv. N.n.
neg. V.pas.in.
Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
Acc.Sg. |
Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
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List of Abbreviations
yada
ca paccati bhadraj
atha bhadro bhadrani passati
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Rel.Adv. conj. V.pas.in. N.n.
Adv. N.m. N.n.
V.act.in.
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Nom.Sg. Acc.Pl. 3.Sg.pres.
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bhadro: bhadra-, Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.m.: good person. Nom.Sg. = bhadro.
pi, conj.: also, even.
passati: sees. The verb root is dis- (to see). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = passati.
papaj: papa-, Adj.: evil, wrong. As an N.n.: evil, wrong doing. Acc.Sg. = papaj.
yava, Rel.Adv.: as long as, as far as.
bhadraj: bhadra-,
Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.n.: good deed, something bringing benefit.
Nom.Sg. = bhadraj.
na, neg.: not.
paccati, V.: to be cooked, fig.: to ripe. It is a pas. of the verb pac- (to cook). 3.Sg.pas.in.pres. = paccati.
List of Abbreviations
yada, Rel.Adv.: when.
ca, conj.: and.
paccati: see above.
bhadraj: see above.
atha, Adv.: then.
bhadro: see above.
bhadrani:
bhadra-, Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.n.: good deed, something
bringing benefit.
Acc.Pl. = bhadrani.
passati: see above.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) bhadro pi passati papaj
yava bhadraj
na paccati (a good person may even see evil [in his good deeds] as
long as the goodness has not ripened). This can be further analyzed into
two segments:
a) bhadro pi passati papaj
(a good person may even see evil [in his good deeds]). The subject of this
sentence is the adjective/noun bhadro (good person, nominative singular).
The verb is passati (sees, 3rd person, singular, active,
indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective/noun papaj
(evil, accusative singular). The sentence is modified by the conjunction
pi (even).
b) yava
bhadraj na paccati (as long as the goodness
has not ripened). The subject is the adjective/noun bhadraj
(goodness, nominative singular). The verb is in passive, paccati
(has ripened, 3rd person, singular, passive, indicative, present
tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The relative
adverb yava (as long as) connects this
segment to the previous one.
2) yada
ca paccati bhadraj atha bhadro bhadrani
passati (when the goodness has ripened, then the good person sees those
good deeds). This contains two related sentences:
a) yada
ca paccati bhadraj (when the goodness
has ripened). The subject is the adjective/noun bhadraj
(goodness, nominative singular). The verb is in passive, paccati
(has ripened, 3rd person, singular, passive, indicative, present
tense). The relative adverb yada (when)
introduces the sentence and connects it to the following one. The conjunction
ca (and) serves mainly for metrical purposes.
b) atha bhadro bhadrani
passati (then the good person sees those good deeds). The subject of
this sentence is the adjective/noun bhadro (good person, nominative
singular). The verb is passati (sees, 3rd person, singular,
active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective/noun bhadrani
(good deeds, accusative plural). The adverb atha (then) introduces
the sentence and connects it to the previous one.
The story for this verse is identical
with the story for the previous verse.
Sometimes it seems that people, who
are committing evil deeds are lucky and enjoy happy life, whereas those,
who are good and perform only meritorious deeds suffer the most. But at
the end, the results of the deeds will ripe and when the time comes to
that, the evildoer will finally receive the fruit of his evil deeds and
the good person will be able to see the results of his beneficial actions.
Word pronunciation:
bhadro
pi
passati
papaj
yava
bhadraj
na
paccati
yada
ca
atha
bhadrani