| Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
| Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Having thus distinctively understood about conscientiousness, the wise ones rejoice in conscientiousness, delighting in the sphere of the Noble Ones.
evaṃ visesato ñatvā a+ppamādamhi
paṇḍitā
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Adv. Adv. V.ger. neg. N.m. N.m.
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List of Abbreviations
a+ppamāde pamodanti ariyānaṃ gocare
ratā
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neg. N.m. V.act.in. N.m. N.m. Adj.m.
| Loc.Sg. 3.Pl.pres. Gen.Pl. Loc.Sg. Nom.Pl.
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evaṃ, Adv.: thus.
visesato, Adv.: distinctively, altogether. Originally an Abl.Sg. of the word visesa-, N.m.: distinction, excelence.
ñatvā, V: having known. A ger. of the verb ñā- (to know).
appamādamhi: appamāda-, N.m.: conscientiousness, non-negligence. A negated (by the negative prefix a-) word pamāda-, N.m.: negligence. Doubled p is due to the euphonic combination (a + pamāda = appamāda). Loc.Sg. = appamādamhi (or appamāde, as below).
List of Abbreviations
paṇḍitā: paṇḍita-, N.m.: wise man, learned man. Nom.Pl. = paṇḍitā.
appamāde: appamāda-, N.m.: conscientiousness, non-negligence. A negated (by the negative prefix a-) word pamāda-, N.m.: negligence. Doubled p is due to the euphonic combination (a + pamāda = appamāda). Loc.Sg. = appamāde (or appamādamhi, as above).
pamodanti, V.: to rejoice, to be happy, to be glad, to be satisfied. The verb root mud- with the strengthening prefix pa-. 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = pamodanti.
ariyānaṃ: ariya-, Adj.: noble, distinguished, good. Gen.Pl.m. = ariyānaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
gocare: gocara-, N.m.:
pasture, sphere. A compound of:
go-, N.m.: cow
cara-, N.m.: going, walking. Derived from the verb
car- (to walk, to roam).
Loc.Sg. = gocare.
ratā: rata-, Adj.: delighting
in. A p.p. of the verb ram- (to delight in, to enjoy).
Nom.Pl. = ratā.
List of Abbreviations
The first part of the sentence
is evaṃ visesato ñatvā appamādamhi paṇḍitā (The wise ones, having thus
distinctively understood about conscientiousness). The subject of this sentence
is paṇḍitā (wise ones, nominative plural) and the verb is ñatvā
(having known, gerund). The object is appamādamhi (about conscientiousness,
locative singular). There are two adverbs, visesato (distinctively) and
evaṃ (thus) complementing this sentence.
The second part of the sentence is appamāde pamodanti
(they rejoice in conscientiousness). The subject is the word paṇḍitā
from the previous sentence. The verb is pamodanti (rejoice, 3rd
person plural, active, indicative, present tense). The object is appamāde
(in the conscientiousness, locative singular).
Next follows the clause ariyānaṃ gocare ratā (delighting
in the sphere of the Noble Ones). We can see the word ratā (delighting,
nominative plural) as an attribute to the main subject of the sentence (the
word paṇḍitā). The object here is gocare (in the sphere, locative
singular) with its attribute ariyānaṃ (of the Noble Ones, genitive plural).
The wise people know very clearly,
that the conscientiousness is the state of deathlessness (the word thus refers
to the previous verse, DhP 21). Therefore, they rejoice in conscientiousness,
they praise it and pay high attention to it.
They are delighting in the "sphere of the Noble Ones". This
is of course nothing else than the Nirvana. So, again, the only way to reach
this state is to make conscientious effort in this direction, applying all one's
energy and striving.
Word pronunciation:
evaṃ
visesato
ñatvā
appamādamhi
paṇḍitā
appamāde
pamodanti
ariyānaṃ
gocare
ratā