Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Don't pursue negligence or intimacy
with pleasure delights.
Conscientious practitioner of meditation obtains abundant happiness.
mā pamādam anuyuñjetha mā kāma+rati+santhavaṃ
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|
neg. N.m. V.act. neg. N.m N.f. N.n.
| Acc.Sg. 2.Pl.imp. | |____| Acc.Sg.
| | | | |_________|
| |_________|_______|___________|
|________________|_______|
List of Abbreviations
a+ppamatto hi jhāyanto pappoti
vipulaṃ sukhaṃ
| | | | | |
|
neg. Adj.m. part. Adj.m. V.act.in. Adj.n. N.n.
| Non.Sg. | Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg.
|_____| | | | |________|
|_________|_______| |____________|
|_________________________|
mā, neg.: not, do not. Used with verbs in imperative instead of the more usual negative particle na.
pamādam: pamāda-, N.m.: negligence. Acc.Sg. = pamādam.
anuyuñjetha, V.: to practice, to give oneself up to, to pursue. The verb yuñj- (to join, to unite) with the prefix anu- (along, at, to). 2.Pl.act.imp. = anuyuñjetha.
kāmaratisanthavaṃ:
kāmaratisanthava-, N.n.: intimacy with delighting in pleasures.
kāmarati-, delighting in pleasures. A compound of:
kāma-, N.m.: pleasure, enjoyment, sense-desire.
rati-, N.f.: love, attachment, liking for.
santhava-, N.n.: acquaintance, intimacy.
Acc.Sg. = kāmaratisanthavaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
appamatto: appamatta-,
Adj.: conscientious, non-negligent. A negated (by the negative prefix a-)
word pamatta-, Adj.: negligent. It is a p.p. of the verb mad-
(to be intoxicated) with the strengthening prefix pa- (thus pamajjati
= to be careless, to neglect).
Doubled p is due to the euphonic combination (a +
pamatta = appamatta).
Nom.Sg.m. = appamatto.
hi, part.: indeed.
jhāyanto: jhāyant-, Adj.m.: meditating, practicing meditation. It is an a.pr.p. of the verb root jhe- (to meditate). Nom.Sg. = jhāyanto.
List of Abbreviations
pappoti, V.: to obtain, to attain, to get. It is the contracted form of the verb pāpuṇāti, the verb root āp- (to get), with the strengthening prefix pa-. 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = pappoti.
vipulaṃ: vipula-, Adj.: large, great, abundant. Acc.Sg.n. = vipulaṃ.
sukhaṃ: sukha-, N.n.: happiness, ease, well-being. Acc.Sg. = sukhaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
The subject in the first sentence is omitted (since it is
the personal pronoun "you", it is not necessary). The verb is anuyuñjetha
(pursue, 2nd person, plural, active, imperative) with two negative particles
mā (don't). There are two objects pamādaṃ (negligence, accusative
singular) and kāmaratisanthavaṃ (intimacy with pleasure delights, accusative
singular).
In the second sentence, the subject is jhāyanto (meditating
one, nominative singular) with its attribute appamato (conscientious,
nominative singular). The verb is pappoti (obtains, 3rd person, singular,
active, indicative, present tense). The object is sukhaṃ (happiness,
accusative singular) with its attribute, the adjective vipulaṃ (abundant,
accusative singular). There is a particle hi (indeed) in this sentence,
mainly for metrical purposes.
The story for this verse is the
same as for the previous one (see DhP 26).
Whereas the foolish and ignorant ones indulge in negligence
and sense-pleasures, as the young men did during the festival in Sāvatthī, those,
who are wise, treasure the conscientiousness like a jewel. If they practice
the meditation diligently, with perseverance, never becoming negligent, they
will at the end definitely reach the "abundant happiness" - which
is of course only another term for the Awakenment and the Nirvana.
Word pronunciation:
mā
pamādam
anuyuñjetha
kāmaratisanthavaṃ
kāma
rati
santhavaṃ
appamatto
hi
jhāyanto
pappoti
vipulaṃ
sukhaṃ