Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Mara doesn't find the way of those
endowed with virtue,
living in conscientiousness and freed by the right knowledge.
tesaṃ sampanna+sīlānaṃ a+ppamāda+vihārinaṃ
| | | | | |
Pron.m. Adj. N.m. neg. N.m. Adj.m.
Gen.Pl. | Gen.Pl. |____| Gen.Pl.
| |_________| |____________|
| |__________________|___________________________I.
|_______________________|
|_______________________________________________II.
List of Abbreviations
sammad+aññā+vimuttānaṃ māro maggaṃ
na vindati
| | | | |
| |
Adv. N.f. Adj.m. N.m. N.m. neg. V.act.in.
|_________| Gen.Pl. Nom.Sg. Acc.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
|_____________| | | |______|
I._________| |_______|_________|
II.______________________________| |
|______________________|
tesaṃ: tad-, Pron.: that. Gen.Pl.m. = tesaṃ.
sampannasīlānaṃ:
sampannasīla-, N.m.: endowed with virtue, virtuous one.
It is a compound of:
sampanna-, Adj.: endowed with, possessed of. P.p. of the verb
pad- (to go to, to fall to)
preceded by the prefix sam- (denoting "together"
or "completely").
sīla-, N.n.: virtue.
Gen.Pl. = sampannasīlānaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
appamādavihārinaṃ:
appamādavihārin-, Adj.m.: dwelling in conscientiousness.
It is a compound of:
appamāda-, N.m.: conscientiousness, non-negligence.
A negated (by the negative
prefix a-) word pamāda-, N.m.: negligence. Doubled
p is due to the euphonic
combination (a + pamāda = appamāda).
vihārin-, Adj.m.: dwelling, living. It is the word
vihāra-, N.m.: abode, stay,
with the possessive suffix -in.
Gen.Pl. = appamādavihārinaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
sammadaññāvimuttānaṃ:
sammadaññāvimutta-, Adj.: emancipated, freed or released by the right
knowledge. It is a compound of:
sammadaññā-, N.f.: right knowledge. It is a compound of:
sammā-, Adv.: rightly, properly, thouroughly.
aññā-, N.f.: knowledge.
Euphonic combination: sammā + aññā = sammadaññā.
vimutta-, Adj.: emancipated, freed, released. It is a p.p.
of the verb muc- (to release)
with the prefix vi- (meaning separation).
Gen.Pl.m. = sammadaññāvimuttānaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
māro: māra-, N.m.: Mara, personified death, the Evil One, devil. Nom.Sg. = māro.
maggaṃ: magga-, N.m.: way, road, path. Acc.Sg. = maggaṃ.
na, neg.: not.
vindati, V.: finds, knows. The verb root is vid- (to know, to find). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = vindati.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is
the noun māro (Mara, nominative singular). The verb is vindati
(finds or knows, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense), negated
by the negative particle na (not). The object is the noun maggaṃ
(way, path, accusative singular). The object has four attributes, the main one
being the pronoun tesaṃ (their, genitive plural). Three more attributes
are all in genitive plural. They are:
1) sampannasīlānaṃ (of virtue-endowed ones, genitive plural),
2) appamādavihārinaṃ (of those, dwelling in conscientiousness).
3) sammadaññāvimuttānaṃ (of those, freed by the right knowledge).
A monk named Godhika was practicing
meditation diligently. But whenever he made some progress in his meditation,
he became seriously ill. It impaired effectiveness of his meditation, but he
nevertheless continued to practice.
At the end he decided to strive for the arahantship even if
he were to die. So he concentrated on physical pain as his meditation object
and cut his throat (this can nor be considered a suicide, because he was very
close to arahantship anyway and he already eradicated all cravings). Thus, concentrating
on the pain, he attained his goal and then passed away.
Mara tried to find where Godhika was reborn but he could not find
him anywhere. So he went and asked the Buddha about Godhika. The Buddha told
him, that Godhika became an arahant and Mara could never be able to find him
again.
Word pronunciation:
tesaṃ
sampannasīlānaṃ
sampanna
sīlānaṃ
appamādavihārinaṃ
appamāda
vihārinaṃ
sammadaññāvimuttānaṃ
sammadaññā
sammā
aññā
vimuttānaṃ
māro
maggaṃ
na
vindati