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SBh 363,4 ¡ã 6) ¡u°Ý¡J ¦¹©Ò½t¹Ò¬O½Ö (kasya) ¦P¤À (sabhaga) »¡ ¬°¦P¤À¡S µª¡G ¬O©Òª¾¨Æ (jneya-vastu) ¬Û¦ü«~Ãþ (pratirupaka)¬G¦W¦P¤À¡v¡C¤S¡A©Ò¿×¦P¤À(sabhaga) ¡A¥ç§Y¡mѪ١n¤§ "yo hi visayo yasya vijnanasya niyato yadi tatra tad vijnanam utpannam bhavaty utpattidharmi va sa visayah sab haga ity ucyate/" ¡uY¹Ò»PÃÑ©w¬°©Ò½t¡AÃÑ©ó¨ä¤¤¤w¥Í ¡B¥Íªk¡A¦¹©Ò½t¹Ò»¡¦W¦P¤À¡v ( ¤j 29¡A 10a5ff.; Abhidh-k-bh (E) p.43. 12ff.)¡C Y¨Ì "yah svakarmakrt sabhaga iti/" ¡uY§@¦Û ·~¦W¬°¦P¤À¡v( ¤j 29, 10a14; Abhidh-k-bh (E) p.43. 23) ªº©w¸q¡A ¬Y¤@¹ï¶H¡A§Y¨Ï²{¦b¤£³Q»{ÃÑ ¡A ¦ý¦b¹L¥h©Î¥¼¨Ó¥²©w·|³Q»{ÃÑ¡A¦¹¤@¹ï¶HºÙ¬°¦P ¤À¡C ©ó¦¹¡A©Ò¿×¦P¤ÀªÌ¡A©Òª¾¨Æ§Y¨Ï¤£¦s¦b©ó²{¤µ ¥Ø«e¡A ¥çÅã¥Ü»P¨ä¨ã¦³¬Û¦P§@¥Î¤§ª«¡A¦¹§Y¼v¹³¡C (µù 2) ¤j 16, 698a27; Samdh(L) p.90f; ³¥¿AÀRÃÒ (1957 ,206,n.2) (µù 3) ¤j31, 138b15ff.:¡mÄá½× ( ¥@ )¡n(H) ¤j 31, 338c3ff.; MSg(N) ¤W p. 290. 22 ¶ §Y¬O»¡¡J©óÁI©w¤§¤¤©Ò¨£¡e¤£²b©Ò½t¤§¡f«C·ïµ¥½Ñ¼v¹³ ¡A¤£¬O§O¦³«C·ïµ¥¤@¤Á½Ñªk¡C°ß¬O¨£¦Û¤ß¦Ó¤w¡CµÐÂÄ©ó¤@¤Á ÃѤ§¤¤¡Aª¾¤@¤Á¥~¹Ò¬Ò°ß¬OÃѦӤw¡A«D¦³¹ê¦bªº¹Ò¬É¡C¨Ã¥B ¡e©óÁI©w¤¤¡fÆ[¹î¥H¤W«C·ïµ¥¨Æ¡A¥ç«D°O¾Ð¤§ÃÑ¡A¦]¬°©Ò½t ¤§¹Ò¦w¦í©ó²{«e¤§¬G¡C ©Ò¥H¡A¦b¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤¡A »¡©ú¬Û¦ü(pratirupaka)©Ò½t ªº¥Î»y¡A¦p¬Û¦ü (pratibhasa)(µù 4)¡B°ß´¼(jnana-matra) ¡B°ß¨£(darsana-matra)¡B °ß¥¿¾Ð©À(pratismrta-matra)µ¥ ½Ñªí²{¡A½T¹ê©M¡m¸Ñ²`±K¡n¡B¡mÄá½×¡nµ¥°ßÃÑ«ä·Q»á¬°¬Ûªñ ¡A(µù 5)©ÎªÌ¥i»¡¬O¡u°ßÃÑ¡v«ä·Qªº¥ýÅX¥Î»y¡C¦ý¬O¡A§ÚÌ ¤]À³ª`·N¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤©Ò¿×¡u°ß¥¿¾Ð©À¡v(pratismrta-matra) ¤§·N²[¡C ¦ó¥H¬G¡S¦]¬°¦b¡mÄá½×¡n(µù 6)¤¤©Ò»¡ªº«C·ï¡BÁwÄêµ¥ ºØºØ¼v¹³¬OÂA©ú¦a§e²{¦b²´«e¡A¦ý¬O´¶³qªº°O¾Ð«o¬OÀǬNªº ¡C©Ò¥H¡A¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤©Ò¨¥¡u°ß¥¿¾Ð©À¡v(pratismrta-matra) ªº¡u¥¿¾Ð©À¡v¡A©M´¶³qªº°O¾Ð¬Û¤¬°Ï§O¬O¦³¥²nªº¡C ¬°¤F¯à§ó¤F¸Ñ¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤§¥H¡u°ß´¼¡v¡B¡u°ß¨£¡v¡B¡u °ß¥¿¾Ð©À¡vµ¥¥Î»y¨Ó»¡©ú¡u¬Û¦ü¡v©Ò½t©Î¡u¼v¹³¡v¦b¹ê»Ú× ¦æÁI©w®Éªº·N¸q¡A§Ú̱N°Q½×«n¤è¤W®y³¡¨t²Îªº¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n ¡BVismµ¥¤¤©Òz(1) ¹M§@(·Ç³Æ)¬Û (parikamma-nimitta)¡B (2) ¨ú¬Û (uggaha-nimitta) ¡B (3) ©¼¤À¬Û (¡×¦ü¬Û ¡A patibhaga-nimitta) µ¥×¦æÁI©wªº¤TÓ¨BÆJ¡C(µù 7) ¨ä¤¤ ²Ä¤T¨BÆJ¤§¡u©¼¤À¬Û¡v(¡×¦ü¬Û)¤§¥Î»y¡A¥i»P¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤ ¡u¬Û¦ü¡v( pratirupaka, gzugs brnan )©Ò½t©ÎªÌ¡u¦P¤À¡v ( sabhaga )¡u¼v¹³¡v( gzugs brnan )ªº¥Î»y§@¤ñ¸û¡C ¦]¬°¡A¦b¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n¤¤¡A ¦³Ãö¡u¬Û¡v(nimitta)ªº©w¸q ¡A¬O¥H¦p¤Uªº¦](cause)¡B´¼(wisdom)¡B¹³(image)µ¥¦Ó§@»¡ ©ú¡C(µù 8) ¬ÛªÌ¦ó¸q¡S¿×¦](cause)¸q¬Û¸q¡F ¦p¦ò±Ð¤ñ¥C¡A©¼½Ñ´c ¤£µ½ªk¦³¬Û°_¡A¬O¦]½t¸q¡C´_»¡´¼(wisdom)¸q¬Û¸q¡F¦p »¡¥H§@·Q·í±Ë¡A¬O¿×´¼¸q¡C´_»¡¹³ ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w (µù 4) ¾Ú¤ª¡J"pratibhasa, abhasa"µ¥¥Î»y¬O±q MSA, MAV °_¡A¤~ÀWÁc³Q¨Ï¥Î (¾î¤sÓT¤@ 1971, 34ff.)¡C¤S¥i °Ñ¦Ò¤W¥Ð¸q¤å (1958, 271ff.) ¡B¾î¤sÓT¤@ (1975, 3ff.)¡B ¾î¤sÓT¤@(1979, 17f.)¡C (µù 5) ¤p¨¦«H¤d¥N(1980, 63f.)¡C (µù 6) ¡mÄá½×(¥@)¡n(H) (¤j31, 339a2f.)¡u¦¹¦í²{«e¤À©ú ¨£¬G¡A©¼¾ÐÃÑ©Ò¨£·t¬N¡A¦¹²{«e¦í©Ò¨£¤À©ú¡v¡C (µù 7) ¤j32, 413c19ff., Vism 125, 18ff., ¥i°Ñ¦Ò¦õÃà ±K¶¯(1973 , 945f.)¡C (µù 8) ¤j32, 414c29ff., Vim(E) p.78¡C 23 ¶ (image) ¸q¬Û¸q¡F¦p¦Û¨£±¹³·Q¹³¡A©¼¤ÀµL²§¸q¡C ¬Û¹ï©ó¦¹¡A¦b¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤¡A¬Û·í©ó¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n¤¤¡u¬Û ¡v( nimitta ) ¤§¥Î»y¡A¥ç§Y¼v¹³ ( pratibimba ) ªº§O¦W ( paryayanama )¡A(µù 9) ¨ä©w¸q¬O¡J §Y¦¹¼v¹³¡A¥ç¦W¼v¹³ ( gzugs brnan )¡A¥ç¦W¤T¼¯¦a ¬Û ( tin ne ¡¦ dsin gyi mtshan ma )¡A ¥ç¦W¤T¼¯ ¦a©Ò¦æ¹Ò¬É (sbyon yul) ¡A ¥ç¦W¤T¼¯¦a¤f (thabs) ¡A¥ç¦W¤T¼¯¦aªù (sgo)¡A¥ç¦W§@·N³B (yid la byed pa ¡¦ i rten )¡A¥ç¦W¤º¤À§OÅé (nan du rnam par rtog pa ¡¦ i lus )¡A ¥ç¦W¥ú¼v (snan brnan)¡A ¦p¬Oµ¥Ãþ·íª¾¦W¬°©Òª¾¨Æ¦P¤À¼v¹³ (jneyavastu-sabhagasya pratibimba) ½Ñ¦W®t§O (paryayanama )¡C ¨ä¤¤¡A©Ò¿×¤T¼¯¦a¬Û (tin ne ¡¦dsin gyi mtshan ma) ªº¦WºÙ¡A©Î³\§Y¬O·N¨ý¦b¤T¼¯¦a¤¤ªº¬Û ( samadhi-nimitta ¡S)¡C©Ò¥H¡A ¦b©w¸q¤W¡A¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤§¡u¼v¹³¡v©M¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D ¡nµ¥¡u¬Û¡v¤§»¡ªk¬O¤@Pªº¡C ¨ä¦¸¡A¦b¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n(µù 10)¤¤¡A¦³Ãö¡u¨ú¬Û¡v(uggaha- nimitta)©M¡u©¼¤À¬Û¡v(¡×¦ü¬Û¡Apatibhaga-nimitta) ªº°Ï §O¬O¡J ¤ª¦ó¦W¨ú¬Û¡SY§¤ÁI¤H¥H¤£´²¤ß²{Æ[°Òªûù¡A±q°Òªû ù°_·Q¡A¦p©óµêªÅ©Ò¨£¡A©Î®É»·¡B©Î®Éªñ¡B©Î®É¥ª¡A ©Î®É¥k¡B©Î®É¤j¡B©Î®É¤p¡B©Î®ÉÁà¡B©Î®É¦n¡B©Î®É¦h ¡A©Î®É¤Ö¡B¤£¥H²´Æ[°Òªûù¡A¥H§@·N¤è«K¨ú¬Û°_¡A¬O ¦W¨ú¬Û¡C ±q©¼§@¦h¬G¡A©¼¤À¬Û°_¡C¦W©¼¤À¬ÛªÌ¡AY§@·N®ÉÀH¤ß §Y²{¡A«D¨£°Òªûù«á¥Í¤ß©À¡A¦ý§@¤ß³¬²´¦p¥ý©ÒÆ[¡A Y»·§@·N¥ç§Y»·¨£¡A©Îªñ¡B¥ª¡B¥k¡B«e¡B«á¡B¤º¡B¥~ ¡B¤W¡B¤U¥ç´_¦p¬O¡CÀH¤ß§Y²{¡A¦¹¿×©¼¤À¬Û¡C §Y¡J©Ò¿×¡u¨ú¬Û¡v¡A¥¦¨Ã«D¨Ì¤£´²¶Ã¤ß©Î²´µ¥¡e¤ÃÑ¡f ¡A¤D¬O¨Ì©ó¡e·NÃѤ§¡f§@·N¤è«K¡C¶i¦ÓÀHµÛ¹ï¨ú¬Û¤§¤ÏÂÐ× ²ß¡B§@·N¡A¦Ó¥ß§Y±q¤ß(¡×·NÃÑ)©Ò²{ªÌ¡A¬O¬°¡u©¼¤À¬Û¡v (¡×¦ü¬Û)¡C¤S©ó Vism(µù 11) ¨ä±Ôz«h¬O¡J ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w (µù 9) ¤j 30, 427b24; SBh 195, 10(incomplete); Tp 91 bl; Td 76a2.¤S "pratibimba, bimba "¤§»y¸q¡A¥i °Ñ¦Ò¥ìÃèq¾Ë (1972)¡BMSg(N)¤W (293)¡B¾î¤sÓT¤@ (1979, 30)¡C (µù 10) ¤j32, 414c19ff., Vim(E) p.77, "grasping sign and after-image". (µù 11) Vism(4.29-30) "Kalena ummletva, Kalena minletva avajjitabbam. Yava uggaha-nimittam nuppajjati, tava kala-satam pi kala-sahassam pi tato bhiyyo pi eten' eva 24 ¶ ©Î¦³®É¶}¥Ø§â´¤¡u¬Û¡v¡A©Î¦³®É³¬¥Ø¡B¡e¥O¤ß¡fÁͦV ©ó¡u¬Û¡v¡C¦b¡u¨ú¬Û¡v ( uggaha-nimitta ) ¥¼¥Í°_ ¤§«e¡A¦Ê¹M¤d¹M¤D¦Ü§ó¦h¹M¡AÀ³·í¤£Â_¦aײߦ¹¤@¤è ªk¡C·í¦p¦¹×²ß³¬¥Ø¡e¥O¤ß¡fÁͦV©ó¬Û¤§»Ú¡A©M¶}¥Ø ¤§®É¬Û¦P¦a¡AY¡e¬Û¦b¤ß¤¤¡f¥X²{¡A¦¹®É¦W¬°¡u¨ú¬Û ¡v ( uggaha-nimitta ) ªº¥Í°_¡C ´_¦¸¡A¶i¦ÓÀ³¡e¥O¤ß©ó¬Û¡f±M©À¡B´M¡B¦ø¡CY¯à¦p¬O ¡A «h¦¸²Ä§í¨î½Ñ»\¡A ÀR¤î½Ñ·Ð´o¡A ¨Ìªñ¦æ©w (upacara-samadhi) ¦Óµ¥«ù¨ä¤ß¡A ¥Í°_¡u¦ü¡v¬Û (patibhaga-nimitta)¡C ¨ä¦¸¡AÃö©ó¡u¨ú¬Û¡v ( uggaha-nimitta ) ©M¡u¦ü¬Û¡v (patibhaga-nimitta)¦bÂA©ú«×©M¯Âºé©Ê¤W¦³¦óµ¥®t§O¡S ¨ä»¡©ú¦p¤U¡J(µù 12) ¨ú¬Û (uggaha-nimitta)©M¦ü¬Û(patibhaga-nimitta) ªº®t²§¦p¦¸¡J¦ü¬Û¤ñ°_¨ú¬Û¡A¬O¦Ê¿¤D¦Ü¤d¿¦a·¥ºÝ ²M´·¦aÅã²{¡C¤S¡A¦ü¬Û¬OµL¦â¡BµL§Îªº¡CY¦³§Î¦âªº ¸Ü¡A«h¬O²´¤§©ÒÃÑ¡A¬O¤@ºØ¡¼ªº»{ª¾¡A±N¦³¡e¥Í¦í·À ªº¡f¤T¬Û¡C¦ý¦¹«h¤£µM¡A°ß¦³±o©wªÌ©Ò²{¤§¦æ¬Û¡A¦¹ ¤D¥Ñ·Q¦Ó¥Í°_ªÌ¡C Y¾ã²z¤Wz«n¤è¤W®y³¡¨t²Î¡A ¦p¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n¡BVism µ¥ ¤§¤¤(1) ¹M§@(·Ç³Æ)¬Û( parikamma-nimitta )¡B (2)¨ú¬Û (uggaha-nimitta)¡B(3)©¼¤À¬Û(=¦ü¬Û¡Apatibhaga-nimitta) µ¥×ÁI©wªº¤T¶¥¬q¡A±N¨ä©M¡qÁn»D¦a¡r(µù 13)©Ò»¡(1)¬ÛºÙ (anurupa)½t(²b¦æ¡Bµ½¥©¡B²b´b©Ò½t)¡÷(2)¬Û¦ü(pratirupa) ½t(¦³¤À§O¼v¹³¡BµL¤À§O¼v¹³¡Apratibimba)µ¥·ì¦÷¦æªº¶¶§Ç ¬Û¤¬¤ñ¸û¡A«h¦³¦p¤Uµ²½×¡J ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w nayena bhavetabbam. Tass' evam bhavayato yada nimletva avajjantassa ummlita-kale viya apatham agacchati, tada uggaha-nimittam jatam nama hoti." Vism(4.30-1) "punappunam samannaharitabbam, takkahatam vitakkahatam katabbam.Tass' evam karontassa anukkamena nivaranani vikkhambhanti, kilesa sannisidanti, upacara-samadhina cittam samadhiyati, patibhaga-nimittam uppajjati." (µù 12) Vism (4.31) "tato satagunam sahagunam suparisuddham hutva upatt hati. Tan ca kho pana neva vannavantam, na-santhanavantam, yadi hi tam idisam bhaveyya, cakkhu-vinneyyam siya olarikam sammasanupagam tilak- khanabbhahatam. Na pan' etam tadisam, kevalam hi samadhi-labhino upatthanakaramattam : -sannajam etan ti". (µù 13) ¤j30, 427c27ff.,(SBh 197, 17ff.; Tp 92b5ff.; Td 77alff.) 25 ¶ (1) ¦b³Ìªìªº¶¥¬q¡A¬Û¹ï©ó Vism ©Ò»¡¡u©Î¦³®É¶}¥Ø §â´¤¦í¬Û ¡A ©Î¦³®É³¬¥Ø ¡e¥O¤ß¡f ÁͦV©ó¬Û ¡C ¦b¨ú¬Û (uggaha-nimitta) ¥Í°_¤§«e¡A¦Ê¹M¤d¹M¤D¦Ü§ó¦h¹M¡A À³·í ¤£Â_¦aײߦ¹¤@¤èªk¡v¤§×ªk¡A¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n(µù 14) ªº³W©w ¦p¤U¡J °Ý¡J¤ª¦óµ¥Æ[¡Cµª¡J§¤ÁI¤H²{Æ[°Òªûù¡A«D¤j¶}²´¡B «D¤j³¬²´¡A¦p¬O·íÆ[¡C¦ó¥H¬G¡SY¤j¶}²´¡A¨ä²´¦¨ÕW ¡A°Òªûù¦Û©Ê²{¨£¦Û©Ê¡A©¼¤À·Q¤£°_¡CY³Ì³¬²´¨£¡A °Òªûù¦¨îî¡A¥ç¤£¨£©¼¬Û¡A«K¥Í¾Ó«å¡A¬O¬GÀ³Â÷¤j¶} ²´¡B¤j³¬²´¡C §Y¡J²´¤£¤j±i¶}¡A ¥ç¤£¥þ³¬¡A ©Ò¿×¡u¥b²´¡v(µ¥Æ[¡A even gazing )ªº§@ªk¡C¨Ì¦¹¥iª¾¡A¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n©M Vism ¤G ªÌ¡A ¦b³Ìªìªº·Ç³Æ¶¥¬q¡AÃö©ó²´ªº¶}³¬¤§¬Ýªk¬O¦h¤Ö¦³©Ò ¥X¤Jªº¡C ¦b Abhidhammatta-sangaha (¡mÄáªü¹F¿i¸q½×¡n)¤¤¡A ¦¹®Éªº¤ß²z§@¥Î¬OÄÝ©ó¤Ãѧ@¥Î¡A¬GºÙ¤§¬°¹M§@ (·Ç³Æ) ¬Û (parikamma-nimitta) ¡C(µù 15) ¦ý©ó¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤¡A¦³Ãö ²´ªº¶}³¬¨Ã¨S¦³³W©w¡C (2)Y¦h¦¸¦a½m²ß¦¹¤@§@ªk¡A ¤£½×³¬¥Ø¤§»Ú¡B©Î¶}¥Ø¤§ ®É¡A³£¯à¦P¼Ë¦aÅã²{ªº¸Ü¡A ¦¹®Éªº©Ò½tºÙ¬°¨ú¬Û (uggaha- nimitta) ¡A ¦¹¤D¥ÑÄÝ©ó·NÃѪº»{Ãѧ@¥Î¦Ó¥Í°_¡A¦ý¬O¡A¨ä ÂA©ú«×©M¯Âºé©Ê«h©|¥¼¹F¨ìÁI©w¤¤©Ò½tªº¼Ð·Ç¡C¦b¡qÁn»D¦a ¡r¤¤¡A¹ï©ó¦¹¤@¶¥¬q¡A¦ü¥G¨Ã¥¼½á¤©¯S©wªº¦WºÙ¡C (3)µM«á¡A¥²¶·¹ï©ó¦¹¡u¨ú¬Û¡v±M©À¡B´M¡B¦ø¡C ÀHµÛ¨ä ½m²ß¡A ¦¸²Ä¦a§í¨î½Ñ»\¡A ÀR¤î½Ñ·Ð´o¡A ¨Ìªñ¦æ©w (upacara-samadhi) ¦Ó¤ß±oµ¥«ù®É(©Ò²{)¤§¼v¹³¡AºÙ¬°¡u¦ü ¬Û¡v( patibhaga-nimitta )¡C ¦¹®É¡A«e¥b¬q©Ò¿×¡u¥²¶·¹ï©ó¦¹¤@¨ú¬Û±M©À¡B´M¡B¦ø¡v ªº¶¥¬q¡A ¬Û·í©ó¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤©Ò»¡¡A·ì¦÷®v¥H¬ÛºÙ½t(²b¦æ ¡B µ½¥©¡B ²b´b©Ò½t)¬°¤º®eªº ¡u©Òª¾¨Æ¡v (jneya-vastu) ¬°¹ï¶H ¡A ¦Ó±q¨Æ ¡u¤T¼¯Ëå¦h¦aÏi¡¼ªÙ¨º¦æÆ[¹î ¡B ²¾Ü (vicinoti) ¡B ·¥Â²¾Ü (pravicinoti) ¡B ¹M´M«ä (parivitarkayati) ¡B¹M¦ø¹î ( parim mansamapadyate ) ...... ¡v¤§¡u¦³¤À§O¼v¹³¡v©w¸q¡C ¨ä¦¸¡A¡uÀHµÛ¨ä½m²ß¡A¦¸²Ä¦a§í¨î½Ñ»\¡AÀR¤î½Ñ·Ð´o¡A ¨Ìªñ¦æ©w (upaca ra-samadhi) ¤à¦Ó¤ß±oµ¥«ù¡vªº¶¥¬q¡A«h ©M¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¦p¤U©Ò»¡¡uµL¤À§O¼v¹³¡vªº©w¸q¤jP¬Û·í¡J ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w (µù 14) ¤j32, 413b13; Vim(E) p.76, "even gazing". (µù 15) Abhidh-s p.42; Abhidh-s(E) p.283f.¡F¤S°Ñ¦Ò¤ô ³¥¥°¤¸ (1978, 923)¡B¦õÃñK¶¯ (1973, 944f.)¡C 26 ¶ ¿××Æ[¦æªÌ¡A¨ü¨ú¦p¬O¼v¹³¤w¡A¤£´_Æ[¹î¡B²¾Ü¡B·¥ ²¾Ü¡B¹M´M«ä¡B¹M¦ø¹î¡CµM§Y©ó¦¹©Ò½t¼v¹³¡A¥H°ø¼¯ ¥L¦æ±IÀR¨ä¤ß¡A§Y¬O¤EºØ¦æ¬Û¥O¤ß¦w¦í¡J¿×¡A¥O¤ß¤º ¦í¡Bµ¥¦í¡B¦w¦í¡Bªñ¦í¡B½Õ¥ñ¡B±IÀR¡B³Ì·¥±IÀR¡B¤@ ½ì¡Bµ¥«ù¡C©¼©óº¸®É¦¨µL¤À§O¼v¹³¡A§Y©ó¦p¬O©Ò½t¼v ¹³¡A¤@¦V¤@½ì¦w¦í¨ä©À¡A¤£´_Æ[¹î¡J²¾Ü¡B·¥Â²¾Ü¡B ¹M´M«ä¡B ¹M¦ø¹î¡C ¬O¦WµL¤À§O¼v¹³ ( nirvikalpam pratibimbam)¡C( ¤j 30, 427b15; SBh 194, 21; Tp 91a4 ) ¦¹®É¡A©ó°ø¼¯¥L (¤j 30, 450c18ff; SBh 363, 7ff.) ¤¤¡A¤º¦í¡Bµ¥¦í¡B¦w¦í¡Bªñ¦í¡B½Õ¥ñ¡B±IÀR¡B³Ì·¥±IÀR¡B¤@ ½ì¡Bµ¥«ùµ¥¤E¦í¤ß(navakara-citta-sthiti) ¬O¬¡°Êªºª¬ºA ¡A¯à§í¨î¡BÀR¤î¥O¤ß´²¶Ãªº³g½Q·öµ¥¬Û¡A©ÎªÌ½Ñ´c´M«ä¡B³g ±ýµ¥½Ñ»\¡BÀH·Ð´o¡C ¯÷±N¦¹µ¥¤ñ¸ûµ²ªG¸Õ§@Âk¯Ç¦p¦¸¡J¨Ì¾Ú¡q¸Ñ²æ¹D¡r¡B Vism¤¤¡A¦³Ãö (1) ¹M§@¡]·Ç³Æ¡^¬Û(parikamma-nimitta)¡B (2) ¨ú¬Û (uggaha-nimitta)¡B(3) ©¼¤À¬Û ( =¦ü¬Û¡A patibhaga-nimitta ) µ¥¤T¶¥¬q¤ß²z§@¥Î¤§Åܤƪº»¡©ú¬Ý¨Ó ¡A¥iª¾¦¹¤@¶¶§Ç¤D¬O·N¿×µÛ¤ÃÑ©M·NÃѪº®t²§¡A¤Î¨ä§â´¤©Ò ½tªºÂA©ú«×©M¯Âºé©Êªºµ{«×¤§®t§O¡C©Ò¥H¡A¦¹¤T¶¥¬q¥i¥H°Ï §O¦p¤U¡J (1)¡u¹M§@(·Ç³Æ)¬Û¡v¬OÄÝ©ó¤ÃѪº»{Ãѧ@¥Î¡C (2)¡u¨ú¬Û¡vÁöÄÝ©ó·NÃѪº»{Ãѧ@¥Î¡A ¦ý¦b§â´¤©Ò½tªº ÂA©ú«×©M¯Âºé©Ê¤W¡A©|¥¼¹F¨ìÁI©wªº¼Ð·Ç¡C (3)¡u©¼¤À¬Û¡v(¡×¦ü¬Û¡A¬Û·í©ó¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¬Û¦ü½t¤§¤À §O¼v¹³¡B µL¤À§O¼v¹³)¤DÄÝ©ó·NÃѪº»{Ãѧ@¥Î¡A ¥B ¦b§â´¤©Ò½tªºÂA©ú«×©M¯Âºé©Ê¤W¤w¹F¨ìÁI©wªº¼Ð·Ç¡C ¦]¦¹¡A¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤¡A¥H¡u°ß´¼¡v¡B¡u°ß¨£¡v¡B¡u°ß¥¿ ¾Ð©À¡vµ¥¥Î»y¨Ó»¡©ú¡u¬Û¦ü¡v©Ò½t©Î¡u¼v¹³¡v¡A¦b¹ê»Úצæ ÁI©w®Éªº·N¸q¡AÀ³¬O¥i¥H¦p¤Uªº¹Ï¦¡ªí¥Ü¡J ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w ¡qÁn»D¦a¡r ¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n¡BVism (1)¬ÛºÙ½t ¢w(1)¹M§@¬Û(¤ÃѪº§@¥Î) (2)¬Û¦ü½t: ¦³¤À§O¼v¹³(Æ[)¢w¢s(2)¨ú¬Û(·NÃѪº§@¥Î) µL¤À§O¼v¹³(¤î)¢w¢}(3)¦ü¬Û(·NÃѪº§@¥Î¡AÂA©ú¡B¯Âºé) ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w ¤T¡B¡u°ß¦æ¡v¡B¡u°ßªk¡v¡B¡u°ß¨Æ¡v¡B ¡u°ß¦]¡v¡B¡u°ßªG¡v¡B¡u°ßÄ¡v ©ó¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¡A°£¤F¤Wzªº¡u°ß´¼¡v¡B¡u°ß¨£¡v¡B¡u°ß ¾Ð©À¡vµ¥¦³ÃöÁI©wצ檺¥Î¨Ò¤§¥~¡AÁÙ¦³¡u°ß¦æ¡v¡B¡u°ßªk ¡v¡B¡u°ß¨Æ¡v¡B¡u°ß¦]¡v¡B¡u°ßªG¡v¡B¡u°ßÄ¡vµ¥¥Î¨Ò¡A¥¦ ̬O§_¤]¬O»P×ÁI©wªº¸gÅ禳Ãö¡S¯÷¦¬¶°¡B¤ÀÃþ¨ä¥Î¨Ò¡A¨Ã ¥B¦Ò¹î¥¦Ì©Ònªí¹Fªº·N¸q¡C 27 ¶ (1)½t©Ê½t°_©Ò½tªº©w¸q¡J ¤ª¦ó½t©Ê½t°_©Ò½t¡S¿×©ó¤T¥@ ( tryadhvasu ) °ß¦æ (samskara-matra) ¡B °ßªk ( dharma-matra ) ¡B°ß¨Æ ( vastu- matra ) ¡B °ß¦] ( hetu-matra ) ¡B °ßªG (phala-matra) ¡B¼Z¥¿¹D²z ( yukti-patita ) ¡A¿×Æ[ «Ý¹D²z¡B§@¥Î¹D²z¡BÃÒ¦¨¹D²z¡Bªkº¸¹D²z¡C°ß¦³½Ñªk¯à ¤Þ½Ñªk ( dharmanam eva dharma- aharatva ) ¡AµL¦³ §@ªÌ¤Î¥H¨üªÌ ( niskaraka-vedakatva ) ¡F ¬O¦W½t©Ê ½t°_©Ò½t¡C©ó¦¹©Ò½t§@·N«ä±©¡A·ö¦æ¼W¤W¸É¯S¦÷ù©Ò¦³ ·ö¦æ ( moha-carita ) ¬Ò±o·LÁ¡¡A©ó½Ñ·ö¦æ¡A ¤ß±o²M ²b¡C¬O¦W½t©Ê½t°_(idampratyayataprat tyasamutpada) ©Ò½t¡C ( ¤j 30, 430a7ff.; SBh 210, 3ff.; Tp 99a7ff.; Td 81b7 ) (2)¬°°£ºÃ»\(vicikitsa-nivarana)¦Ó¦p²z«ä±©ªº¤º®e¡J ¦p²z«ä±©¥h¨Ó¤µ¥@¡A°ß¨£¦³ªk( dharma-matra )¡B°ß¨£ ¦³¨Æ (vastu-matra)¡Bª¾¦³ (sat) ¬°¦³¡Aª¾µL (asat) ¬°µL ¡A °ßÆ[¦³¦] ( hetu-matra ) ¡B °ßÆ[¦³ªG (phala-matra) ¡A©ó¹êµL¨Æ (asad-bhuta) ¤£¼W¤£¯q¡A ©ó¹ê¦³¨Æ (sad-vastu) ¤£·´¤£Á½¡A ©ó¨ä¹ê¦³ (bhuta) ¤Fª¾¹ê¦³¡C¿×©óµL±`¡BW¡BªÅ¡BµL§Ú¤@¤Áªk¤¤¡A¤Fª¾µL ±`¡BW¡BªÅ¡BµL§Ú¡C¥H¯à¦p¬O¦p²z«ä±©¡A«K©ó¦ò¡eªk¡B ¹¬¡B¥|¿Í¡f©ÒµL´bµLºÃ¡C¾l¦p«e»¡¡C(¤j 30,412b25ff. ¡FSBh 103, 6ff.; Tp 48a7ff.; Td 40b5ff.) (3)®©¤J¦w¨ºªi¨º©À½t°_ (pratityasamutpadam avatarati) ªº×²ß¡J Y®ÉµL˯ਣ¯àª¾¡A °ß¦³½ÑÄ (skandha-matra) ¡B°ß ¦³½Ñ¦æ (samskara-matra) ¡B °ß¨Æ (vastu-matra) ¡B °ßªk (Skt. 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1975,114)´£¥Ü»¡¡J¡m·ì ¦÷½×¡n¤¤¡A¨Ì©ó§â½Ñªk¤À¬°¦W(naman)¡B¨Æ(vastu) ¡B¦Û©Ê(svabhava)¡B®t§O(visesa)µ¥¦ÓÆ[¹îªº¤èªk (¥|ºØ´M«ä)¡A¥i±Æ°£µê¦k¤À§O¡A¦Ó¥Í¥X¥|ºØªº¦p¹ê ´¼(¤j30, 490b2ff,; BoBh(W) 53.3)¡C¤S¡mÄá½×¡n ¤¤¡A¦b¨¥¤ÎÀ³Æ[¹î¦WºÙ©M¨Æª«³£¥u¤£¹L¬O¦Û¤v¤ß¤¤ ªº²£ª«¦Ó¤w¤§¬q¸¨(¤j31, 142c21¡ã23; MAS p.168. 18) ¡A¥ç´£¨ì¦³Ãö¦WºÙ©M¨Æª«©¼¦¹¬Û¤¬¬°«È¹Ð¤§´M «ä(¤j31, 653c8¡ã9)¡C (µù 24) ·ì¦÷¦æ¬£ªº½×®Ñ¸Ì¡A¦³Ãö¤TºØ¦Û©Ê©M¬Ûµ¥¤¨ÆªºÃö «Y¡A¦³¦UºØ²§»¡¡C¨Ì¡m¦¨°ß¡n¨÷¤K(¤j31, 46c29¡ã 47a20)¡A¦p¥H¤Uªº¹Ïªí©Ò¥Ü¡A¥i¥HÁ|¥X¥|ºØ¡C°Ñ¦Ò µÕªh®Ì1970¡F¦à¾ô©|«v1972¡F¸ªü¤ë1975¡C (1)¡m·ì¦÷½×¡n(2)¡m¤¤Ãä¡n(3)¡m·«¦÷¡n(4)¡mÄá½× µ¥ (¥@)¡n ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w ¨Ì¥L°_©Ê: ¬Û¡B¦W¡B ¬Û¡B¤À§O ¤À§O ¦W ¤À§O¡B¥¿´¼ ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w ¹Mp©Ò°õ©Ê: ¦W ¬Û¡B¦W ¸q (¬Û¡B¤À§O) ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w ¶ê¦¨¹ê©Ê: ¯u¦p ¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦p ¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦p ¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦p ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w 33 ¶ §Y¬O¡J(1) ¨Ì¥L°_©Ê¥]§t¦b¬Û¡B¦W¡B ¤À§O¡B¥¿´¼¡A(2) ¶ê¦¨¹ê©Ê¥]§t¦b¯u¦p¡A¬Û¹ï©ó¦¹¡A¹Mp©Ò°õ©Ê«h¤£¥]§t¦b¤ ¨Æªº¥ô¦ó¤@ªÌ¡C©Ò¥H¡A®Ú¾Ú¦¹¤¨Æ¬°°ò·Ç¡A¹Mp©Ò°õ©Ê³Q»{ ¬°¬O¤£¹ê¦bªº¡C(µù 25) ¬°¤F²z¸Ñ¬°¦ó¥H¤¨Æ¬°¹ê¦bªº°ò·Ç¡A©Î³\±´¨s¦³Ãö¡u¨Æ ¡v( vastu ) ªº»y¸q¬O¤@Ó«nªºÃöÁä¡C Ãö©ó¦¹ÂI¡A ¦õ¦õ ¤ì²{¶¶(1958, 113-8)´¿¦p¤U¦a½×z 1 vastu Vedic skt.; §pªû»y) ¡B 2 vatthu ( Pali; ¤Ú§Q»y ) ¡B 3 vastu (Buddhist skt.; ¦ò±Ð±ë»y)µ¥¦³Ãö¡u¨Æ¡vªº¤TºØ»y¨¥§ÎºA ªºÃö«Y¡C§Y¡J 1 vastu ( Vedic skt. ) ªºì·N¬O³õ©Ò¡B®a ( dwelling place )¡C2 vatthu ( Pali ) °£¤F«O«ù¦¹¤@ì ·N¡A¶i¦Óªþ¥[¤W a real thing, object, reason, basis, subject - matter µ¥¤Óõ¾Ç©Êªº·N²[¡C 3 vastu (Buddhist skt.) «h§ó³Q·í§@ ¡uµ´¹ïªº¹ê¦b¡v (e.g. LAS 147,6 vidyate tathata-vastu arya nam gocaro yatha; º~Ķ¡m·«¦÷¸g¡n¤¤¡A ¦¹¤@ vastu ³QĶ¬°¡u¨Æ¡v¡B¡u¥»¦³¡v ¡B¡u§®ª«¡v)ªº·N«ä¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¡CYɥΦ¹¤@»y¸q¸Ñ»¡ªº½×ÂI¦Ó ±´¨s¦¹¡u°ß¨Æ¡v¤§¡u¨Æ¡vªº¸Ü ¡A §ÚÌ¥²¶·¯S§Oª`·N¡u¨Æ¡v ( vastu )ªº a real thing (¹êª«)¤§·N²[¡C Á`¦X¤Wz´XÓ¬q¸¨¥H¨Ó©Ò¦Ò¹îªºµ²ªG¡A¥iÂkµ²¦p¤U¡J 1 »¡¤@¤Á¦³³¡ªü¹F¿i½×®v¨Ì©ó¤Ä¡B¤»³B¡B¤Q¤K¬É¤§±Ð »¡¦Ó¶}³Ð¦â¡B ¤ß¡B ¤ß©Ò¡B¤ß¤£¬ÛÀ³¦æ¡BµL¬°µ¥¤¨Æ (ªk)¤§»¡¡C 2 ·ì¦÷¦æ¬£¤@¤è±±µ¨ü¦¹¡u¦â¡vµ¥¤¨Æ(ªk)¤§»¡¡A§ó¶i ¦Óµo®i¥X¡u¬Û¡vµ¥¤¨Æ(ªk)¤§»¡¡A¦Ó¥B±N«áªÌ»P¡u¤T ¦Û©Ê»¡¡v¬Ûµ²¦X¡C(µù 26) 3 ¤Ä¡B¤»³B¡B¤Q¤K¬Éµ¥¤T¬ì¡A¦â¡B¤ß¡B¤ß©Ò¡B¤ß¤£¬Û À³¦æ¡BµL¬°µ¥¤¨Æ(ªk)¡A¬Û¡B¦W¡B¤À§O¡B¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦p µ¥¤¨Æ(ªk)¡A¥H¤W¤TºØ¤ÀÃþ¤¤ªº¥ô¤@Ãþ¡A¬Ò©M¡u¹ê¦b ¡vªº°ò·Ç¬ÛÃö³s¡C 4 ¦]¦¹¡A¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤ªº¨Æ (vastu)¡A¤D¬O·N«ü¥]§tªk (dharma)¡B¦Û©Ê ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w ¦³Ãö«e¤@¹Ïªíªº¥X³B¬O¡J(1)¡m·ì¦÷½×¡n (¤j30, 704c)¡F¡mÅã´¡n (¤j31, 508c7-9; 557b27-29)¡F ¡m¤TµL©Ê½×¡n (¤j31, 868a7-9)¡F¡m¦ò©Ê½×¡n (¤j 31, 794b27-c1)¡C(2)¡m¤¤Ãä¡n¨÷¤G¯u¹ê«~13¡C(3) ¡m·«¦÷¡n¨÷¤C¡C(4)¡mÄá½×(¥@)¡n¨÷¤¡C (µù 25) Cf., e.g.¡mÅã´¡n(¤j31, 557b28ff.)¡u¹Mp©Ò°õ ¦Û¬Û¬OµL¡A¦ó¥H¬G¡S¤¨Æ©Ò¤£Äá¬G¡A°£¤¨Æ¥~§óµL ©Ò¦³¡C¦óµ¥¬°¤¡S¤@¡B¬Û¡C¤G¡B¦W¡C¤T¡B¤À§O¡C¥| ¡B¯u¦p¡C¤¡B¥¿´¼¡v¡C¤S¡m¤TµL©Ê¡n(¤j31, 868a1) ¡uYªk¬O¦³¡A¤£¥X¤Âáv¡C (µù 26) ºÖì«GÄY(1972, 3)»{¬°¡J ¤£¥i¯ó²v±ÀÂ_¬Û¡B¦W¡B ¤À§O¡B¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦pµ¥¤¨Æ¤ñ¤T©Ê»¡¸û«e¦¨¥ß¤§»¡ªk ¡C¦à¾ô©|«v(1972)¨Ã¥B»{¬°¡J¡m¸Ñ²`±K¡n¤¤¡AÁö¦³ ¤T©Ê»¡¡A¦ý¥¼¨¥¤Î¤¨Æ(»¡)¡A¶È¨£¨ì¬Û¡B¦W¡B¤À§O µ¥»y¡A¬G±q¨ä©|¤£§¹¥þ¡A¦Ó¥B±q¤¨Æªº¶¶§Ç»P¤¨Æ ©M¤T©ÊªºÃö«Y¥ç¥¼½T©wµ¥¨Æ¹ê¬Ý¨Ó¡A¤¨Æªº¦¨¥ß¤D ¬O¦b¤T©Ê»¡¦¨¥ß¥H«á¡C 34 ¶ (svabhava) µ¥¹ê¦b©ÊªÌ¡C 5 ¡qÁn»D¦a¡r ¤¤¦³Ãö°ß¨Æ ( vastu-matra ) ¤§ªí²{ªº ¡u¨Æ¡v¡A»P¨ä»¡¬O¬Û¡B¦W¡B¤À§O¡B¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦pµ¥¤§¤ ¨Æ¡A ¤Å¹çµø¬°¥H¦â¡B¤ß¡B¤ß©Ò¡B¤ß¤£¬ÛÀ³¦æ¡BµL¬° µ¥¤¨Æ¬°¤º®e¬O¤ñ¸û«ê·í¡C 6 ¬Û¹ï©ó¦¹¡A¡qµÐÂĦa¡r¤¤¦³Ãö°ß¨Æ¤§ªí²{ªº¡u¨Æ¡v¡A ¥Dn¬O¥H¬Û¡B¦W¡B¤À§O¡B¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦pµ¥¤¨Æ¬°¨ä¤º®e¡C »\©ó¡qµÐÂĦa¡r¡u¯u¹ê¸q«~¡v¤¤¦³½×¤Î¡JµÐÂĨ̩óªø®É ±q¨ÆªºªkµL§Ú´¼( dharma-nairatmya-jnana )¡A¦p¹êª¾¤@¤Á ªkªºÂ÷¨¥¦Û©Ê¡A¹ï¤@¤Áªk¤]¤£§@¥ô¦ó¤À§O¡C¦pY¤£µM¡A«h¤£ ¯à§â´¤°ß¡u¨Æ¡v ( vastu-ma tra ) ¡B °ß¡u¯u¦p¡v ( tathata-matra )¡C(µù 27) ¦]¬°¦b¬Û·í©ó¡u¯u¹ê¸q«~¡v¸Ñ »¡³¡¤Àªº¡m·ì¦÷½×¡n¡uÄá¨M¾Ü¤À¡v(¤j 30, 695c26 706c14) ªº¶}ÀY¡A¦³¤ª¡uY±ýÃѪ¾¯u¹ê¤§·N¨ý¡A©y²¤ª¾¤¨Æ¡v¡A¨ä«á «h±q¦³µL¡B°²¹ê¡B¥@«U³Ó¸qµ¥ºØºØªº¨¤«×¡A¸Ô½×¬Û¡B¦W¡B¤À §O¡B¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦pµ¥¤¨Æ ( ¤j 30, 695c26-703a22 )¡A ³Ì«á «h½×»¡¨ì¤T¦Û©Ê(¤j 30, 703a23-706c14 )¡C ©Ò¥H¡A¡qµÐÂÄ ¦a¡r¤¤¦³Ãö°ß¨Æ¤§ªí²{ªº¡u¨Æ¡v¡A¥i»¡¬O¥Dn¥H¬Û¡B¦W¡B¤À §O¡B¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦pµ¥¤¨Æ¬°¨ä¤º®e¡C ¤¡Bµ²½× ¥Ñ¤Wzªº°Q½×¡A§Ú̪¾¹D¡JY¥H¥Nªíªì´Á·ì¦÷¦æ¬£¤§½× ®Ñ¡m·ì¦÷½×¡n¤¤¤§²Ä¤Q¤T¦a¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¬°¥D¡A¥i±N¨ä¡u°ß¡v ¤§¥Î¨Ò¤§ªí²{·N¸q¤ÀªR¬°¤U¦C¤TÂI¡J (1)»¡©ú¬Û¦ü(pratirupaka)©Ò½t(ÁI©w¹ï¶H) ªº¥Î»y¡A ¦p¡u°ß´¼¡v(jnana-matra)¡B¡u°ß¨£¡v (darsana-matra)¡B¡u°ß¥¿¾Ð©À¡v(pratismrta-matra) µ¥½Ñªí²{¡A ¥¦Ì¬O¥Î¨Ó»¡©úÁI©w¤¤¹ï¶H(©Ò½t)¬O·N ÃѤ§§@¥Î¹ï¶H¡A ¦³§O©ó¤ÃѤ§ÂÇ¥~·P©x©Ò»{ÃѪº¥~ ¬É¹ï¶H¡C³o±q«n¤è¤W®y³¡¨t²Îªº¡m¸Ñ²æ¹D¡n¡BVism µ¥¤¤©Òz(1)¹M§@ (·Ç³Æ) ¬Û (parikamma-nimitta) (2) ¨ú¬Û (uggaha-nimitta)¡B(3)©¼¤À¬Û(¡×¦ü¬Û¡A patibhaga-nimitta) µ¥×¦æÁI©wªº¤TÓ¨BÆJªº¤ñ¸û ¬ã¨s¤¤¤]¥i±o¨ìÃÒ©ú¡C ±q¦¹ ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w (µù 27) BoBh(w)41. 15-18(¤j30, 487b18-20; Td wi 23a7-b1); "sa khalu bodhisattvas tena duranupravistena dharma- nairatmya-jnanena nirabhilapya-svabhavatam sarva-dharmanam yathabhutam veditva na kam cid dharmam kathamcit kalpayati nanya-tra vastu-matram gshnati tathata-matram" ¡u¤S½Ñ¬ÛµÐÂĥѯà²`¤JªkµL§Ú´¼ ¡A©ó¤@¤ÁªkÂ÷¨¥¦Û©Ê¦p¹êª¾¤v¡A¹FµL¤Öªk¤Î¤Ö«~Ãþ ¥i°_¤À§O¡A°ß¨ú¨ä¨Æ¡A°ß¨ú¯u¦p¡v¡C¤S°Ñ¦ÒWillis (1979, 91; 155.) ¡C ÃöÁäµü¡J1.¡m·ì¦÷½×¡n 2.°ßÃÑ 3.°ß¨Æ 4.©Ò½t 5.¤¨Æ¡C 35 ¶ Æ[ÂI¡A¡u°ß´¼¡v¡B¡u°ß¨£¡v¡B ¡u°ß¥¿¾Ð©À¡vµ¥½Ñ¥Î »y½T¹ê©M¡m¸Ñ²`±K¡n¡B ¡mÄá½×¡nµ¥©Ò»¡ªº©ó¤T¼¯¦a ¤¤¼v¹³¤§°ßÃÑ«ä·Q»á¬°¬Ûªñ¡A ©ÎªÌ¥i»¡¬O¡u°ßÃÑ¡v «ä·Qªº¥ýÅX³N»y¡A ¦ý¬O¦b¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤ÁÙ¨S¦³©úÅã ´£¥X§_©w¥~¹Òªº¡u°ßÃѵL¹Ò¡vªº¥Î»y¡C (2)¤j¦h¼Æ¡u°ß¡vªº¥Î¨Ò¬O¥Î¨Ó§_©w§@ªÌ¡B ¨üªÌ¡B§Ú¡B §Ú©Òµ¥ªº¡C¦p¡J¡u°ß¦æ¡v(samskara-matra)¡B¡u°ß ªk¡v(dharma-matra)¡B¡u°ß¨Æ¡v (vastu-matra)¡B ¡u°ß¦]¡v(hetu-matra)¡B¡u°ßªG¡v(phala-matra)¡B ¡u°ßÄ¡v(skandha-matra) µ¥¡C ¨Ã¥B³o¨Ç¥Î»y¬O¨Ì ©ó¦@³q©ó©Ò¦³¦ò±Ð³¡¬£¤§½t°_»P¤Äªº«ä·Q¦Ó¨Ó¡A ¤£¬O·ì¦÷¦æ¬£©Ò¯S¦³ªº«ä·Q¡C (3)²Ä¤GÂI¥Î¥H§_©w§@ªÌ¡B ¨üªÌ¡B§Ú¡B§Ú©Òµ¥ªº¡u°ß¡v ¤§¥Î¨Ò¤¤¡A¡u°ß¨Æ¡v (vastu-matra) ¬O¤ñ¸ûȱo« µøªº³N»y¡C ¦]¬°¥¦¦ü¥G¥u¯à©ó¡m·ì¦÷½×¡nµ¥·ì¦÷¦æ ¬£½×®Ñ¤¤µo²{¡A ©Î³\¥i¥H»¡¬Oªí²{·ì¦÷¦æ¬£«ä·Q¯S ¦âªº¥Î»y¤§¤@¡C ©Ò¿×¡u°ß¨Æ¡v¤§¡u¨Æ¡vªºÆ[©À¬O»¡ ¤@¤Á¦³³¡ªü¹F¿i½×®v̬°°Q½×¡uªk¡v ( dharma )¡B ¡u¦Û©Ê¡v ( svabhava ) µ¥¹ê¦b©Ê¦Ó³Ð»¡ªº¡A ¨ä¤º ®e¬O²W·½©óì©l¦ò±Ðªº¤Ä¡B¤»³B¡B¤Q¤K¬É¡C ¦ý¬O ·ì¦÷¦æ¬£¤@¤è±±µ¨ü¦¹¦âµ¥¤¨Æ ( ªk ) ¤§»¡¡A §ó ¶i¦Óµo®i¥X¬Û¡B¦W¡B¤À§O¡B¥¿´¼¡B¯u¦pµ¥¤¨Æ (ªk) ¤§»¡¡A¦Ó¥B»P¡u¤T¦Û©Ê»¡¡v¬Ûµ²¦X¡C ¡qÁn»D¦a¡r¤¤ ¡u°ß¨Æ¡vªº¡u¨Æ¡v¥H¦â¡B¤ß¡B¤ß©Ò¡B¤ß¤£¬ÛÀ³¦æ¡BµL ¬°µ¥¤¨Æ¬°¤º®e¬O¤ñ¸û«ê·í¡C ¬Û¹ï©ó¦¹¡A¡qµÐÂĦa ¡r¤¤¡u°ß¨Æ¡v¤§¡u¨Æ¡v¥Dn¬O¥H¬Û¡B ¦W¡B¤À§O¡B¥¿ ´¼¡B¯u¦pµ¥¤¨Æ¬°¨ä¤º®e¡C 36 ¶ ¡e°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ¡f (¤@)ì¨å(Original works)¤Î¨ä²ºÙ¡J Abhidh-k-bh(E)= Abhidharmakosabhasya of Vasubandhu Chapter 1 Dhatunirdesa ed. Yasunori Ejima, Tokyo The Sankibo press 1989 (BIB 1). Abhidh-k-bh(P)= Abhidharmakosabhasya of Vasubandhu ed. P. Pradhan, rev. 2nd ed. Aruna Haldar, Patna 1975(TSWS 8). Abhidh-s(V)=¡yÇ|ÇÏǼÇïÇÚÇÀǻDZÇïǨÇË («n¤è¦ò±Ðõ¾Ç±Ð ¸q·§»¡ )¡zJapanese trans. by U. Vepulla & ¤á¥Ð©¾¡A1980. BoBh(W)= Bodhisattvabhumi (±ë¤åµÐÂĦa¸g) ed. U. Wogihara ¤s³ß©Ð 1971. MAV= Madhyantavibhaga (Maitreya): see MAV-bh. MAV-bh= Madhyantavibhaga-bhasya (Vasubandhu), ed. Gajin Nagao,Tokya 1964. MSA= Mahayanasutralankara.(Maitreya) ed. S. Levi, Paris 1907. MSg(N)= G. Nagao¡Aªø§À¶®¤H¡mÄá¤j¼½×¢w©MĶÇOª`¸Ñ¡Ð¤W ¡n(Á¿½ÍªÀ¡A1982)¡mÄá¤j¼½×¢w©MĶÇOª`¸Ñ¢w¤U¡n (Á¿½ÍªÀ¡A1987) SBh= Sravakabhumi of Acarya Asanga ed. Karunesha Shukla, TSWS. Vol. ¢Â¢¼ Patna 1973. Tp= rNal'byou spyod pa'i sa las Nan thos kyi sa ¥_¨Ê ª©¦èÂäjÂøg No.5537 Vo1.110 ¤j¨¦¤j¾Ç1957. Td= rNal'byor spyod pa'i sa las Nan thos kyi sa ÇÃÇç Ç®ª©Ç½ÇÕÇ¿ÇŤjÂøg No.4036 °ßÃѳ¡6 ªF¨Ê¤j¾Ç1980. Vim(E)= The Path of Freedom(Vimuttimagga). tr. by. N. R. M. 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Hirakawa, Akira(¥¤t¹ü) ¢w¢w¡D1974.¡yÇ~ÇïÇŦò±Ð¥v¡z¤W(¬K¬îªÀ¡AªF¨Ê) Ikeda, Rentaro(¦À¥Ð½m¤Ó¦) ¢w¢w¡D1987.¡u¡q¤¨Æ½×¡rÇU¦¨¥ßÇO¬y¥¬¡v(°ª±TÁÙ¾ä¡yÇ~Çï ÇžǦò±Ð¾Ç½×¶°¡z¬K¬îªÀ¡A345¡ã57) Imamishi, Junkichi(¤µ¦è¶¶¦N) ¢w¢w¡D1976a.¡u«~Ãþ¨¬½×ÇU¦¨¥ß¸Õ½×(¤G)¡v¡y¤TÂö°¡z120. Ito, Shuken(¥ìÃèq¾Ë) ¢w¢w¡D1972.¡u¥»½èÇUì»yÇRÇKÆêÇM¡v¡y¦L¦ò¬ã¡z21:1, 134¡ã135. Kajiyama, Yuichi(¡¼¤s¶¯¤@) ¢w¢w¡D1983.¡y¦ò±ÐÇRÆðÆ÷Çr¦s¦bÇOª¾ÃÑ¡z (¬ö¥ì°ê«Î®Ñ©± ¡AªF¨Ê) Mimaki, Katsumi(±sªª§J¤v) ¢w¢w¡D1972.¡uªì´Á°ßÃѽѽ׮ÑÇR©óÆ÷Çr Sautrantika»¡¡v ¡yªF¤è¾Ç¡z43, 1-16. Mizuno, Kogen(¤ô³¥¥°¤¸) ¢w¢w¡D1978.¡yÇÍ-Çæ ¦ò±ÐÇy¤¤¤ßÇOÆýÇM¦ò±ÐÇU¤ßÃÑ½× (ÇÏ Ç»Ç§¡AªF¨Ê) Nozawa, Josho(³¥¿AÀRÃÒ) ¢w¢w¡D1957.¡y¤j¼¦ò±Ð·ì¦÷¦æÇU¬ã¨s¡zªkÂÃÀ]¡A¨Ê³£ Odani, Nobuchiyo(¤p¨¦«H¤d¥N) ¢w¢w¡D1980.¡u¡y¤j¼²øÄY¸g½×¡z²Ä19³¹(¥\¼w«~)²Ä50ÔUÇR ÇKÆêÇM¡v¡y¦L¦ò¬ã¡z29:1, 61-65. Sato, Mitsuo(¦õÃñK¶¯) ¢w¢w¡D1973.¡uÇÍ-Çæ ¦ò±ÐÇU¤J©wªìײߪk¢w¢w²M²b¹D½×ÇoÇq¡v ¡yÃÃì¥jµ}°O©À¡J¥v¾Ç¦ò±Ð¾Ç½×¶°¡z935¡ã49. 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