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¡@¡@·ì¦÷¦æ¬£ªº®Ú¥»½×®Ñ¡m·ì¦÷®v¦a½×¡n±N«D·P©x»{ª¾§@¥Î¡]·N¡^²Ó¤À¬°¡u¤ß¡B·N¡BÃÑ¡v¤TºØ¡C¡u¤ß¡v¬Oªü¿à­CÃÑ¡C¡u·N¡v¬O«í¦æ·N¤Î¤»ÃѨ­µL¶¡·À·N¡C¡uÃÑ¡v¬O²{«e¤F§O»{Ãѹï¶H¡C[1]¡@µLµÛµÐÂijy¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n¡]¡m·ì¦÷®v¦a½×¡nªººõ­n®Ñ¡^«h©úÅã¦a´£¥X¡G¡uÃѦ³¤KºØ¡A¿×ªü¿à­CÃÑ¡B²´¡B¦Õ¡B»ó¡B¦Þ¡B¨­ÃÑ¡B·N¤Î·NÃÑ¡C¡v[2]

¡@¡@¦ý¬O¡A¹ï©ó·s«Ø¥ßªº¡uªü¿à­CÃÑ¡v¡A¬O§_¦³¦ò©Ò»¡ªº¸g¨å¥i¥HÃÒ©ú¡H¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n´£¥X¡G¡u¤ª¦óª¾¦³¦¹ÃÑ¡H¦pÁ¡¦÷±ë»¡¡GµL©ú©ÒÂСA·Rµ²©Òô¡A·M¤Ò·P±o¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡C¦¹¨¥Å㦳²§¼ôªü¿à­CÃÑ¡C¡v[3]¡@ªº¸g¨å®Ú¾Ú¡C¦¹¡uªü¿à­CÃÑ¡vªº¸gÃÒ¡A¤£¨£©ó¨ä¥L·ì¦÷¦æ¬£ªº½×¨å¤¤¡A¦ü¥G¥u¦³¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n±N¦¹¸g§@¬°¡uªü¿à­CÃÑ¡vªº¸gÃÒ¡C¦¹¤Þ¥Î¸g¨å¤§­ì»ª¬°¦ó¡H¨ä¥Lªº¦ò¨å¦p¦ó¸àÄÀ¦¹³¡¸g¨å¡H³o¨Ç°ÝÃD¬O¥»¤åªº±´°Q­nÂI¡C

¡±1¡mÂøªü§t¡n294¡G·M¤Ò¡B´¼ªÌ¬Ò·P±o¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡v

¡@¡@¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n©Ò¤Þ¥Îªº¡uµL©ú©ÒÂСA·Rµ²©Òô¡A·M¤Ò·P±o¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡v¸gÃÒ¡AÀ³¸Ó¬O¡mÂøªü§t¡n294¸g¡A¬Û·í©ó«n¶Ç¡m¬ÛÀ³³¡¡nS.12.19. Baalena pandito¡]·M»P´¼¡^¡C¦¹¸g»¡©ú·MèªÌ»PÃ\¼zªÌ³£¥Ñ©óµL©ú¡]avijjaa¡^©ÒÂСA·R¡]ta.nhaa¡^©Òô¡A¦P¼Ë¦a·P±o¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡v¡]kaaya¡^¡F¦¹¡uÃѨ­¡v¥H¡u¦W¡B¦â¡v¡]naamarupa¡^¬°¹Ò¦Ó²£¥Í²´¡B¦Õ¡B»ó¡B¦Þ¡B¨­¡B·Nµ¥¤»ºØ¡uIJ¡v¡]phassa¡^¡A³£·|·P¨ü¨ì­W¡B¼Ö¡F¦p¦¹¡A·MèªÌ»PÃ\¼zªÌ¤§¶¡¦³¦ó®t§O¡Hº~Ķ¡mÂøªü§t¡n294¤§¸g¤å¦p¤U¡G[4]

¦p¬O§Ú»D¡G¤@®É¡A¦ò¦í¤ýªÙ«°­{Äõªû¦Ë¶é¡Cº¸®É¡A¥@´L§i½Ñ¤ñ¥C¡G¡u·MèµL»D¤Z¤Ò¡AµL©úÂСA·R½tô¡A±o¦¹ÃѨ­¡C¤º¦³¦¹ÃѨ­¡A¥~¦³¦W¦â¡A¦¹¤G¦]½t¥ÍIJ¡C¦¹¤»Ä²¤J©ÒIJ¡A·MèµL»D¤Z¤Ò­W¡B¼Ö¨üı¡A¦]°_ºØºØ¡C¤ª¦ó¬°¤»¡H²´Ä²¤J³B¡A¦Õ¡B»ó¡B¦Þ¡B¨­¡B·NIJ¤J³B¡C


[1]¡u¤w»¡¤­ÃѨ­¬ÛÀ³¦a¡C¤ª¦ó·N¦a¡K¡K¤ª¦ó·N¦Û©Ê¡H¿×¤ß¡B·N¡BÃÑ¡C¤ß¿×¤@¤ÁºØ¤l©ÒÀH¡A¨Ì¤î©Ê©ÒÀH¡A¨Ìªþ¨Ì¤î©Ê¡AÅé¯à°õ¨ü¡A²§
¡@¼ô©ÒÄáªü¿à­CÃÑ¡C·N¿×«í¦æ·N¤Î¤»ÃѨ­µL¶¡·À·N¡CÃѿײ{«e¤F§O©Ò½t¹Ò¬É¡C¡v¡m·ì¦÷®v¦a½×¡n¡]T30, no. 1579, p. 280b4¡ãb9¡^¡C

[2] ¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n¡]T31, p. 480, b29¡ãc2¡^¡C

[3] ¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n¡]T31, p. 480, c10¡ã12¡^¡C

[4] ¡mÂøªü§t¡n294¡]T02, no. 99, p. 83, c24ff.¡^¡C

­¶107

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Avijjaaniivara.nassa bhikkhave baalassa (pa.nditassa) ta.nhaaya  sampayuttassa  evam aya.m kaayo samudaagato. Iti ayam ceva kaayo bahiddhaa ca naamarupam.  Itthetaj dvayaj dvaya.m pa.ticca phasso sa.levaayatanaani. Yehi phu.t.tho baalo (pa.n.dito) sukhadukkham pa.tisamvediyati. Etesa.m vaa a~n~nataren...¡]¤µ±N«n¶Ç¡m¬ÛÀ³³¡¡nS.12.19. Balena pandito¸g¤¤ªº·M¤Ò»P´¼ªÌ¤§±Ô­z¦X¨Ö¤Þ¥Î¡^[5]

¡@¡@¹ï·Óº~Ķ¡mÂøªü§t¡n»P«n¶Ç¡m¬ÛÀ³³¡¡n¡A¥iª¾¡m¬ÛÀ³³¡¡n¹ï©ó¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡vªº°O¸ü¡A¥u¬O¡u¨­¡v¡]kaya¡^¦Ó¤w¡C¦ý¬O¦¹¸g¤§¡uµL©ú¡B·R¡B¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡B¦W¦â¡B¤»¤J¡BIJ¡B¨ü¡K¡K¡v»¡©ú¡AÀ³¸Ó¬O»P¡u¤Q¤G½t°_¡v¤§¡uµL©ú¡B¦æ¡BÃÑ¡B¦W¦â¡B¤»¤J¡BIJ¡B¨ü¡K¡K¡vªº¦U¤äÃö«Y¦³Ãö¡F©Ò¥H¡A¡m¬ÛÀ³³¡¡n©Ò°O¸üªº¡u¨­¡v¡]kaya¡^¡Aº~Ķ¡mÂøªü§t¡n°t¦X¡u¤Q¤G½t°_¡vªº¡uÃÑ¡v¤ä¦Ó½Ķ¬°¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡v¬O¦³¹D²zªº¡C

¡@¡@¹ï©ó¡u·MèªÌ»PÃ\¼zªÌ¤§¶¡¦³¦ó®t§O¡H¡vªº°ÝÃD¡Aº~Ķ¡mÂøªü§t¡n294¸g¥H¤Î¡m¬ÛÀ³³¡¡nS.12.¸g¤å§@¦p¤Uªº¦^µª¡G

¡u¿ÍÅ¥¡Iµ½«ä¡I·í¬°¦¼»¡¡C½Ñ¤ñ¥C¡I©¼·MèµL»D¤Z¤ÒµL©ú©ÒÂСA·R½t©Òô¡A±o¦¹ÃѨ­¡A©¼µL©ú¤£Â_¡A·R½t¤£ºÉ¡A¨­Ãa©R²×¡AÁÙ´_¨ü¨­¡FÁÙ¨ü¨­¬G¡A¤£±o¸Ñ²æ¥Í¡B¦Ñ¡B¯f¡B¦º¡B¼~¡B´d¡B´o­W¡C©Ò¥HªÌ¦ó¡H¡F¦¹·Mè¤Z¤Ò¥»¤£­×±ë¦æ¡A¦V¥¿ºÉ­W¡A¨s³º­WÃä¬G¡A¬O¬G¨­Ãa©R²×¡AÁÙ´_¨ü¨­¡FÁÙ¨ü¨­¬G¡A¤£±o¸Ñ²æ¥Í¡B¦Ñ¡B¯f¡B¦º¡B¼~¡B´d¡B´o­W¡C¡v

Yaaya bhikkhave avijjaaniivara.nassa baalassa yaaya ca taanhaaya sampayuttassa ayaj kaaya samudaagato.  Saa ceva avijjaa baalassa appahiinaa saa cata.nhaa aparikkhii.haa... tasmaa baalo kaayassa bhedaa kaayuupago hoti.[6]


[5]   (S. II p. 23-25)¡APTS¤§­^Ķ¬°The wise man ¡ecompare¡f with the fool. For the fool (wise man), brethren, cloaked by ignorance and tied to
¡@¡@craving, this body is wrought (worked) on this fool (wise):¢w¢wthere is just this body and names-and-shapes without (outside): ¢w¢w¡@
¡@¡@thus this pair. Because of the pair [there is] contact, just six spheres of sense. Touched by these, or one of them, the fool (wise)
¡@¡@experiences pleasure and pain.

[6]   PTS¤§­^Ķ¬°The ignorance, brethren, wherewith the fool, whose body is so wrought (worked) , is cloaked, the craving whereto he is
¡@¡@tied,that ignorance the fool has not thrown off, the craving is not withered away ...therefore the fool at the breaking up of the body is on
¡@¡@his way to [another rebirth] body.

­¶108

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Yaaya bhikkhave avijjaaniivara.nassa pa.n.ditassa yaaya ca ta.nhaaya sampayuttassa aya.m kaaya samudaagato.  Saa ceva avijjaa pa.n.ditassa pahiinaa saa ca ta.nhaa parikkhii.haa... tasmaa pa.n.dito kaayassa bhedaa na kaayuupago hoti.[7]

¡@¡@©ó¦¹¡MÀ³ª`·Nªº¬O¡G¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n©Ò¤Þ¥Îªº¡uµL©ú©ÒÂСA·Rµ²©Òô¡A·M¤Ò·P±o¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡v¸gÃÒ¢w¢w¡mÂøªü§t¡n294¸g¡]¡m¬ÛÀ³³¡¡nS.12.19¡^¢w¢w¡A¤£¥u¬O»¡©ú·MèªÌ¥Ñ©óµL©ú¡]avijjaa¡^©ÒÂСA·R¡]ta.nhaa¡^©Òô¡A·P±o¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡v¡]kaaya¡^¡C¨ä¸g¤åªº­«ÂI¦b©ó±j½Õ¡GÁöµM¡A´¼¼zªÌ¤]¬O¥Ñ©óµL©ú©ÒÂСB·R©Òô¡A¦P¼Ë¦a·P±o¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡v¡A¦¹¡uÃѨ­¡v¥H¡u¦W¡B¦â¡v¡]naamarupa¡^¬°¹Ò¦Ó²£¥Í²´¡B¦Õ¡B»ó¡B¦Þ¡B¨­¡B·Nµ¥¤»ºØ¡uIJ¡v¡]phassa¡^¡A·MèªÌ»P´¼¼zªÌ³£·|·P¨ü¨ì­W¡B¼Ö¡F¦ý¬O¡A¤GªÌªº®t§O¦b©ó¡G·MèªÌ¤£­×±ë¦æ¡AµL©ú¤£Â_¡A·R½t¤£ºÉ¡A¨­Ãa©R²×¡AÁÙ´_¨ü¦¹ÃѨ­¡A¬G¤£±o¸Ñ²æ¡F´¼¼zªÌ­×±ë¦æ¡AµL©úÂ_¡A·R½tºÉ¡A¨­Ãa©R²×¡A§ó¤£´_¨ü¦¹ÃѨ­¡A¬G±o¸Ñ²æ¡C

¡±2¡m·ì¦÷®v¦a½×¡n¡qÄá¨Æ¤À¡r¹ï¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡vªºÆ[ÂI

¡±2.1  «e¡B¤¤¡B«á»Ú¡A¡u¡e·M¤Ò»P´¼ªÌ¤§¡f²§¡v

¡@¡@­Y®Ú¾Ú¡m·ì¦÷®v¦a½×¡n¡qÄá¨Æ¤À¡r[8]¡@¹ï¤W­z¡mÂøªü§t¡n294¸g¤¤¡A¥@´L§i½Ñ¤ñ¥C¡G¡uµL©ú©ÒÂСA·Rµ²©Òô¡A·M¤Ò»P´¼ªÌ¬Ò·P±o¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡vªº±Ð»¡¡A¨ä¸ÑÄÀ¬O¥H¡u¡e·M¤Ò»P´¼ªÌ¤§¡f²§¡v§@¬°¼ÐÃD¡A°Q½×¤GªÌ©ó«e¡B¤¤¡B«á»Úªº®t§O¡C¨ä¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú¦p¤U¡G


[7]   PTS¤§­^Ķ¬°The ignorance, brethren, wherewith the wise man, whose body is so wrought (worked), is cloaked, the craving whereto he is
¡@¡@tied , that ignorance the fool has  thrown off, the craving is withered away..therefore the wise man at the breaking up of the body is not on
¡@¡@his way to ¡eanother rebirth¡f body.

[8]   ¡m·ì¦÷®v¦a½×¡n¡]T30, no. 1579 , 832b-c¡^¡C¥t¥i°Ñ¦Ò¦L¶¶ªk®v¡mÂøªü§t¸g½×·|½s¡n¡]¤¤¡^p. 32¡A¡]T30, 832b-c¡^¡C

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·íª¾¦¹¤¤¡A©ó¨ä¤¤»Ú¦³®t§OªÌ¡A¿×¥Ñ¤GºØ®Ú¥»·Ð´o¡A¶°¦¨¦p¬O¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡A©ó²{ªk¤¤¦¹¤G¬ÒÂ_¡FÂ_¦¹¤G¬G¡A©ó·í¨Ó¥@¡AµL´_¦³©¼ÃÑ©ÒÀH¨­¡A¬O§Y¦W¬°«á»Ú®t§O¡C

°Ý¡G¦ó½t´¼ªÌ¦¨´¼ªÌ©Ê¡H

µª¡G©ó²{ªk¤¤©Ò¦³¶°¿Í¡A¤Î©ó«á»Ú©Ò¦³­W¿Í¡A¬ÒÂ÷ô¬G¡C

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¡@¡@´«¨¥¤§¡A´¼ªÌ´¿¾Ç²ß¦ò±Ð¡A´¿²Ö¿n´¼¼z¸ê³¡A·MªÌ¤Ï¤§¡A¦¹¬O«e»Ú®t§O¡C´¼ªÌ©ó²{¥@¤¤¦¹¯àÂ_µL©ú¡A·Rµ²¤GºØ®Ú¥»·Ð´o¡A·MªÌ¤Ï¤§¡A¦¹¬O¤¤»Ú®t§O¡C´¼ªÌ©ó²{¥@¤¤¦¹¯àÂ_µL©ú¡B·Rµ²¤GºØ®Ú¥»·Ð´o¤§¬G¡A©ó·í¨Ó¥@¡A¤£¦A¦³©¼ÃÑ©ÒÀH¨­¡A·MªÌ¤Ï¤§¡A¦¹¬O«á»Ú®t§O¡C

¡@¡@ÁöµM¡A¡m·ì¦÷®v¦a½×¡n¡qÄá¨Æ¤À¡r¤]´£¥X¡u¦³ÃѤ§¨­¡vªº¥Î»y¡A¦ý¬O¡qÄá¨Æ¤À¡r§à¾Ü«´¸gªº¼¯Ëã²z­{¡]¥»¥À¡^¡A¬O¨Ì¡mÂøªü§t¸g¡nªº¦¸²Ä¦Ó³y¡A©Ò¥H¤´µM«O«ù¶Ç²Îªº¤»ºØ¤ßÃѪº»¡ªk¡A¨Ã¨S¦³¦p¡mÅã´­¸t±Ð½×¡n¤@¼Ë¡A¥H¦¹¸g§@¬°¡uªü¿à­CÃÑ¡v¡]aalayavij~naana¡A²Ä¤KÃÑ¡^ªºÃÒ©ú¡C

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[12]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿iµo´¼½×¡n¡]T26, no. 1544, p. 925, c5¡ã9¡^¡CÐ{¯³Ä¶¥»¡mªüÏi¾è¤KÞ¥«×½×¡n¡u¤­»\Äá½Ñ»\¡H½Ñ»\Ä᤭»\¡Hµª¤ê¡G½Ñ»\
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[13]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 194, c24¡ã p. 195, a10¡^¡C

[14]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 78, a21¡ã25¡^¡C

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[16]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 511, c1¡ã2¡^¡C¡m²§³¡©v½ü½×¡n¡]T49, no. 2031, p. 15 a¡^¡C

[17]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 511, a29¡ãb7¡^¡C

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[19]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n ¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 391, c21¡ã p. 392, a7¡^¡C

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¡@¡@ ¡]T49, no. 2031, p. 15b¡^

[21]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 392, a7¡ã11¡^¡C¡u«D¦³±¡¼Æ¡AÂ÷¹L¨­¤¤©Ò¦³¦âµ¥¡A¬J¯à¥Íªø¦³±¡³gµ¥¡A¤ª¦óµLº|¡C
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¡@¡@¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 392, a12¡ã15¡^¡C

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[24]¡@¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¤jÏi±C¨F½×¡n¡]T27, no. 1545, p. 229, a15 ¡ãb21¡^¡C

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[26]     ¡m²§³¡©v½ü½×¡n¡]T49, no. 2031, p. 17 a¡^¡C

[27]     ¡mªüÏi¹F¿i¶¶¥¿²z½×¡n¡]T29, no. 1562, p. 331, b19¡ãc4¡^¡C

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­¶121

An Inquiry in the Canonical Statement between¡§Aalayavij~naana¡¨ and ¡§Ignorance, Craving, Vi~naana-Body¡¨

Professor, Notional Institute of the Arts
Bhikkhu Huimin


Summary

¡@¡@The Xianyanshengjiaolun states that ¡§For the fool, cloaked by ignorance and tied to craving, this body is wrought on this fool.¡¨  This is based on the Aalayavij~naana as expressed in Sajyukaagama no. 294, comparable to the Samyutta-nikaaya 12.19.  Baalena pandito (The wise man compare with the fool).

¡@¡@Acturally, the complete text is ¡§For the fool and wise man, cloaked by ignorance and tied to craving, this body is wrought on this fool and wise man.¡¨  Because of the body, the stupid and the wise both feel suffering and happiness. However, fools do not practice pure deed, cannot sever ignorance, have endless cravings until their bodies wear out and die; then they are reincarnated in another body, trapped in the cycle of rebirth. The wise practice pure deed, sever ignorance, have an end to craving, so that when their bodies wear out and die, they are no longer reincarnated in another body, but achieve liberation.

¡@¡@The Vastusajgrahana of the Yogaac?aarabhuumi interprets this under the heading of ¡§The Difference between Fools and the Wise,¡¨ discussing the differences in prior, middle, and latter phases.

¡@¡@The Abhidharma 'saastra of Sarvaastivaada quotes this mainly to prove that the five hindrances do not include the ignorance hindrance; the bodies of Arahats are also born from ignorance; the Buddha¡¦s body also can cause the defilement; and except cravings, other dharmas may cause the cycle of rebirth.  The Chengshilun, which is close to the doctrine of the Darstantika, interprets the *kaaya as the *upaadaana-skandha.

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­¶122

¡@¡@The contemporary Venerable Yinshun deems the proof given by the Xianyanshengjiaolun as ¡§factor of vij~naana¡¨ to prove the AAalayavij~naana, with the premise of vij~naana at the moment of conception.  As it contains all seeds which gradually give rise to a sensitive, living organism, this implies the ¡§Mind-only¡¨ theory of vij~naana produces the lives.

¡@¡@The sutra says, ¡§For living beings, cloaked by ignorance and tied to craving, this vij~naana-body is wrought on them.¡¨ This refers to the three main stages of birth (ignorance, formation, and consciousness), as well as to the fundamental meaning of ¡§Dependent Origination.¡¨  And use this sutra as the proof of the fourth right worldly view: Life and death follow each other continuously; the wise achieve liberation, unlike the ignorant who remain chained; believe this without doubt.¡@The sutras state the right view of the existence of both ordinary people and the sages.

¡@

Key words: 1. aalayavij~naana¡@2. Xianyanshengjiaolun¡@3. Sa.myukaagama no. 294¡@4. vij~naana-body¡@

5. the Buddha's body

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