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1. ¤Ú§Q¸g¨åªº¦WºÙ¬° Tipiṭaka §Y¤TÂáA¥]¬A«ßÂá]Vinaya-Piṭaka¡^¡B¸gÂá]Sutta-Piṭaka¡^»P½×Âá]Abhidhamma-Piṭaka¡^¡A²{¦sªº¤Ú§QÂä]¥]¬A¤FÂÃ¥~¨åÄy¡C¨ä¤¤¸gÂåѤӳ¡¥÷²Õ¦¨¡A§Yªø³¡¡]Dīgha Nikāya¡^¡B¤¤³¡¡]Majjhima Nikāya¡^¡B¬ÛÀ³³¡¡]Saṃyutta Nikāya¡^¡B¼W¤ä³¡¡]Aṅguttara Nikāya¡^¤Î¤p³¡¡]Khuddaka Nikāya¡^¡C¤p³¡¦¬¦³¤Q¤ºØ¤£¦P©Ê½èªº¸g¨å¡A¨ä¤¤ªº²Ä¤QºØ§Y¬°¥»¥Í¸g¡] Jātaka¡^¡A°O¸üµÛ¹L¥h¥Í¤¤¦òªû¦bµÐÂĦì®É¾ú§Tצ檺¬G¨Æ¡C¡]°Ñ¹sÂI¼¶¡m¤Ú§QÂò¤¶¡n¡mªk¥úÂø»x¡n²Ä44´Á²Ä2ª©¡A1993¦~5¤ë¥X¥Z¡A»O¥_¡G°]¹Îªk¤Hªk¥ú¤å±Ð°òª÷·|¡^
2. Jātakatthakathā¡m¥»¥Í¸gª`¡n¤D¤¦³Á¾ÇªÌ»¨´µ¨©º¸¡]Fausböll, Michael Viggo¡^¥Ñ1849¦~°_Âà¼g¥»¥Í¸g¡A¶O®É¤G¤Q¦~¡]1877¡ã1897¡^¤§¤O¡A¦¬¶°¿üÄõ¡B½q¨l¦U³B¤§¤Ú§Q»y¥»¥Í¸g¼g¥»¡A¸Ô®Õ¡B¶×¶°¦¨¤¥U¡]¤Q³æ¤¸¡^«hªá¤F¤Q¦~¤~¥Xª©¡C¡e°Ñ The Jātaka or Stories of the buddha's former births, under the editorship of Professor E. B. Cowell, Vol ¢», translated by H. T. Francis, M.A. and R. A. Neil, M.A., p. 243¡ã244¡]London and Boston: published by The Pali Text Society, London, reprinted 1973¡^´v¶ªºÄ¶ªÌ¸s¤§Ämµü¤Î The Jātaka-together with its commentary being Tales of the anterior births of Gotama Buddha, for the first time edited in the original Pali by V. Fausböll, Vol I,¡]London: Messrs. Luzac & Company, published for the Pali Text Society, 1962¡^V. Fausböll¡]»¨´µ¨©º¸¡^©Ò¼gªº Preliminary Remarks¡f
3. Jātakaṭṭhakath ©Ò¦¬ªº¤¦Ê¥|¤Q¤CºØ¥»¥Í¬G¨Æ¤¤¡A»P±ë¤å¤Îº~Ķ¤º®e¬Û¦PªÌ¡A¤£¹L¤@¦Ê¤»¤QºØ¡A¨ä¥L«h°ß¥»®Ñ¿W¦³¡C
4. °Ñ¡m«n¶Ç¤jÂøg¡Cªì¥ZÃö«YªÌ°ª·£³Õ¤h¥\ÁZ°O©À·|ġĶ¡n¨÷32¡App. 406¡ã410¡]ªF¨Ê¡G¤j¥¿·sפjÂøg¥Z¦æ·|µo¦æ¡A1977¦~¦A¥Z¤G¨ê¡^
5. °Ñ¡mº~Ķ«n¶Ç¤jÂøg¡n¥U35¡App. 248¡ã251¡]°ª¶¯¡G¤¸¦ë¦x§®ªL¥Xª©ªÀµo¦æ¡A1995¦~ªìª©¡^
6. ³Ì«á¤@º¬°ÆgÔU¡A¶È¬OªÖ©w¦Ó«z«e¤»ºªº¦®·N¡C«e¤»º¦Û¦¨¤@Ó¨t¦C¡A±´°Q¦P¼Ëªº·§©À¡C
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7. ¦b¤Ú§QÂÃ¥»¥Í¸gªºì¤å¤¤¡A¡mĵ¹í¥»¥Í¡n¬O¥Ñ¤CºÔU¹|²Õ¦¨¡AY¤£³z¹Lª`ÄÀ¡A²ª½µLªk¤F¸Ñ¨ä¤¤¸q½ì¡Cµ§ªÌ»{¦P^Ķ¥»ªº¥Îµü riddle¡A¥ç§P¨ä¬°Á¼»y¡C¦¹¤D°Ñ¦Ò°ª©ú¹D¼¶¡mÃÆÎS¸gªì±´¡n¡]¡m¤¤µØ¾Ç³ø¡n²Ä4´Á¡A¶29¡ã74¡A»O¥_¡G¤¤µØ¦ò¾Ç¬ã¨s©Ò¡A1991¡^¡A¸Ó¤å¹ï©óÁ¼»y¡BÅã³ë¡BÁô³ë©Î±K»¡µ¥¡A§@¤F¤@µf±´¯Á¨Ã¥B½×z¡C
8. ¡u¤Ú§Q¡v¡]Pāli¡^¤@»yì¬O¡u¸t¨å¡v¤§·N¡A¨Ã«D«ü¨ä©Ò°O¸üªº¤å¦r¦W¬°¡u¤Ú§Q»y¡v¡C¤Ú§Q»yÄÝ©ó¦L¼Ú»y¨t¡A¦L¥ì¡]¦L«×¡B¥ì®Ô¡^»y±Ú¡A¤¤´Á¦L«×¨È§Q¦w»y¡]Á`ºÙ Prākrit »y¡^ªº¤@ºØ¤è¨¥¡C²{¤µ¬y¦æ©ó¿üÄõ¡B½q¨l¡B®õ°ê¡B°ª´Ö¡B¼d°êµ¥«n¨È¦a°Ïªº«n¶Ç¦ò±Ð¸t¨å©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº»y¨¥¡A¬OÄÝ©ó Prākrit »yªº¤@ºØ¡C¦b¦è¤¸«e¤»¥@¬ö¦Ü¦è¤¸¤Q¤@¥@¬ö®É¥¦¬O³Q¦L«×¨È§Q¦w¤H©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¥Á²³»y¡C»P³QºÙ¬°¶®»yªº¥j¥N¨È§Q¦w»y¢w¢w¥j¨å±ë»y¬Û¤ñ¸û¡A«áªÌ¬O®Ú¾Ú¡m¤Ú§A¥§¡n¡]Pāṇini¡^¤åªk§¹¦¨ªº¤H¤u»y¡B¼Ð·Ç»y¡F«eªÌ¬O¦ÛµM»y¡B«U»y¡C©Ò¿×¤Ú§Q»y¸g¨å¬OÄݩ󦹺ػy¨¥½d³òªº¸g¨å¡A¦¹¸t¨åÀH¨ä©Ò¥°¶Çªº°ê¤g¦Ó³QµÄ¶¡B®Ñ¼g¦¨·í¦aªº¤å¦r¡C¦¹»y³QºÙ¬°¤Ú§Q»y¬O¤Q¤G¥@¬ö¥H«áªº¨Æ¡C¦òªû®É¥N¨Ã¨S¦³®Ñ¼gªº¸g¨å¡A±Ðªk¬O¾a®v§Ì¶¡¤f¶Ç¤ß±Â«O¦s¤U¨Ó¡C¤Ú§Q»yªºµo®i¬ù¥i¹º¤À¬°¥|´Á¡G¡]¤@¡^¸t¨å¥jÔU¹|¤¤ªº¤Ú§Q»y¡A¬ù¦Ü¦è¤¸«e¤T¥@¬ö¤î¡C«O¯d¤F³\¦h»P§pªû»y¦@³qªº»y§Î¡C¡]¤G¡^¸t¨å´²¤å¤¤ªº¤Ú§Q»y¡A¬ù¦Ü¦è¤¸«e¤@¦Ê¦~¬°¤î¡C¤å³¹¬yºZ¦ÛµM¡B¤º®e¦X©ó¤åªk¡BÀu¬ü¦Ó²`¨è¡C¡]¤T¡^¸t¨åªºª`ÄÀ®Ñ¡B±Ð²zºõn®Ñ¡B¥v®Ñµ¥¡A¥H¤¡B¤»¥@¬ö¬°¥D¡A«e«á¬ù¼Æ¦Ê¦~¡A¤å³¹Â²½mºZ¹F¡C¡]¥|¡^«á¥@¦UºØ¤åÄmªº¤Ú§Q»y¡A¬ù±q¤Q¥@¬ö¨ì²{¦b¡C¥H¿üÄõ¬°¤¤¤ß¡A¶Ç¦Ü½q¨l¡B®õ°êµ¥¦a¡C®É¥N»P¦a°ì»P¦´Áªº¤Ú§Q»y¤w¬Û¥h¬Æ»·¡A¥B¨ü±ë¤å¤Æ¼vÅT¤w¥¢ì»ª¡C¡]°Ñ¶P¤ªªº¡m²¤½Í¤Ú§Q»y¡n¤Î¹sÂIªº¡m¤Ú§QÂò¤¶¡n¡A«eªÌ¥Z©ó¡mªk¥úÂø»x¡n²Ä92´Á²Ä2ª©¡A1997¦~5¤ë¥X¥Z; «áªÌ¦P¤Wª`1¡^
9. The Jātaka-together with its commentary being Tales of the anterior births of Gotama Buddha, for the first time edited in the original Pali by V. Fausböll, Vol ¢», pp. 403¡ã405¡]Oxford: Pali Text Society, reprinted 1990¡^µ§ªÌ¥H¦¹ª©¥»»Pªk¨¦x¥úºÐª© Pali Text Society's new Tipitaka CD-ROM' Palitext Version 1.0'¡]Bangkok: Dhammakaya Foundation, 1996¡^¤ñ¹ï¡Aµo²{¨âªÌ¦³¨Ç¥X¤J¡C°£¤F«áªÌ±q²Ä¤GÓÔU¹|¤@ª½¨ì²Ä¤»ÓÔU¹|ªº¹|¤å¥]¬Aª`¸Ñ¡A§Y²Ä404¶¤§¤T¤À¤§¤G¶¥þ¯Ê¥~¡A¶È«eªÌªº vilumpāmā¡A«áªÌ§@ vilupāmā; «eªÌªº vutte «áªÌ¬° vute¡A¨ä¾l¬Ò¯à§k¦X¡C
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10. °Ñ Jātaka-Aṭṭhakathā Khuddakanikāye tatiyo bhāgo-Devanāgarī edition of the Pali text of the chaṭṭha saṇgāyana, pp. 356¡ã358¡]India: published by Vipassana Research Institute; Taipei: co-published, printed and donated by The Corporate Body of the Buddha Educational Foundation, first edition, 1998¡^¦b»P©Ô¤B¦r¥ÀÂà¼gÅéª`ÄÀ¥»¤ñ¹ï®É¡A¦¹¥»Â²ºÙ¬°D¥»¡C
11. °Ñ The Jātaka or Stories of the buddha's former births, translated from the Pali by various hands, under the editorship of Professor E. B. Cowell, Vol ¢», translated by H. T. Francis, M.A. and R. A. Neil, M.A., pp. 243¡ã244¡]London and Boston: published by The Pali Text Society, London, reprinted 1973¡^
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13. °Ñ·Ó¡m°êĶ¤@¤Á¸g¦L«×¼¶z³¡¡D¥»½t³¡¤Q¡np. 320¡]©¥³¥¯u¶¯½s¿è¡AªF¨Ê¡G¤jªF¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1971¦~§ïq¡^
14. T. W. Rhys Davids¡DWilliam Stede ¦X½s¡]Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, reprint 1997¡^
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Kathaṃ jāgarataṃ sutto, kathaṃ suttesu jāgaro, kathaṃ etaṃ vijānāsi, kathaṃ paṭibhaṇāsi me ti |
^Ķ |
How is it you wake while others sleep, and sleep while others wake? How is it you read my riddle, how this answer do you make? |
º~Ķ¡]¤@¡^ |
¤ª¦óı¬°¯v¡@¤ª¦ó¯v¬°Ä± ¤ª¦óª¾¤À§O¡@§^±ý»D¦¹¸q |
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¥Lı¦p¦ó¯v¡@¥L¯v¦p¦óı ¦p¦óª¾¦¹°Ý¡@¦p¦ó¬°§Úµª |
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¥LıÇhÇFÇrÇR¦p¦óÇE¯vÇq¡@¥L¯vÇr®É¦p¦óÇE¥ØıÇgÇr ¦p¦óÇRÆñª¾ÇpÇz¦¹ÇU°ÝÇy¡@¦p¦óÇRÆñµªÇ_Çz§ÚÆòÇFÇhÇR |
µ§ªÌĶ |
«ç¼Ë¬O¦b¿ôµÛªº¤H̤¤§AºÎµÛ¤F¡H«ç¼Ë¬O¦bºÎµÛªº¤H̤¤§A¿ôµÛ¡H ±z¦p¦ó¤Fª¾³oÓÁ¼ÃD¡H±z¦p¦ó¬°§Ú¸Ñ»¡¡H |
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¤Ú§Q»y |
Ye dhammaṃ nappajānanti saññamo ti damo ti ca tesu suppamānesu ahaṃ jaggāmi devate |
^Ķ |
Some men forget that virtue lies in stern sobriety, When such are sleeping I'm awake, O sprit of the tree. |
º~Ķ¡]¤@¡^ |
¤£Ä±¤K¹DªÌ¡@¤T¦ò¤§©Ò»¡ ©ó©¼¯v´Kªk¡@§Ú¬°¦bı¹í |
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¤K¹DÇV¡@¡@¤T¦òÇU»¡Æõ©ÒÇQÇrÇyıÇpÇA¡B ©¼ÇU¯v´KÇUªkÇR©óÇM¡@§ÚÇVı¹íÇR¦bÇqÇO¬°Ç@ ÇO |
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¦Û¤v¥¼½Õ¥ñ¡@³Óªk¤£·|±o ¦¹½Ñ¤H¯v®É¡@¾ð¯«!§Ú¤w¦b¦Ûı |
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¡]ÆùÇV¡^¦Û¤v½Õ±sÇQÇq½Õ¥ñÇQÇqÇO¡@³ÓÇsÆýªkÇy·|±oÇBÆüÇr ÇDÇU¤H¤HÇU¯vÇr®É¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¾ð¯«Ço§ÚÇV¥ØıÇg |
µ§ªÌĶ |
¥L̤£¤F¸Ñ¡y¸T§Ù«ß»ö¡z¤Î¡y½Õ¥ñ¤ß¡z¡A ¤Ñ¯«°Ú¡I¦b³o¨Ç¤HºÎµÛ®É§Ú¿ôµÛ¡C |
¡@¡@¥»¹|ªºº~Ķ¡]¤@¡^¡u¤£Ä±¤K¹DªÌ¡@¤T¦ò¤§©Ò»¡¡v»P¤éĶ¡]¤@¡^¡u¤K¹DÇV¡@¤T¦òÇU»¡Æõ©ÒÇQÇrÇyıÇpÇA¡v©M¤Ú§Q»yªº¡§Ye dhammaṃ nappajānanti saññamo ti damo ti ca¡¨ªº·N«ä»á¦³¥X¤J¡A¤K¹D¤Î¤T¦ò¬Ò¥¼¦b¦¹¹|ªº¤Ú§Q»y¤¤¥X²{¡A¤£ª¾¬O§_¨Ó¦Û©ó¤£¦Pªº¶Ç¥»¡Cµ§ªÌ»{¬°¨ä¤¤ÔU¹|¡]¥|¡^ªºº~Ķ¡]¤G¡^³¡¥÷¦³«Ý¶i¤@¨B·r°u¡C
ÔU¹|¡]¤¡^
¤Ú§Q»y |
Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca avijjā ca virājitā tesu jāgaramānesu ahaṃ sutto'smi devate |
^Ķ |
Passion and vice and ignorance in some have ceased to be: When such are waking then I sleep, O spirit of the tree. |
º~Ķ¡]¤@¡^ |
ı¸t¤K¹DªÌ¡@¤T¦ò¤§©Òºt ©ó©¼Ä±¹íªk¡@§Ú¬°¦b¯v´K |
¤éĶ¡]¤@¡^ |
¸tÇQÇr¤K¹DÇV¡B¡@¡@¡@¤T¦òÇUºtÇ]Çr©ÒÇQÇrÇyıÇq¡B ©¼ÇsÇUı¹íÇUªkÇR©óÇM¡B¡@§Ú¯v´KÇR¦bÇqÇO¬°Ç@ |
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³g±ý»P½QÑ}¡@§óÀ³±ËµLª¾ ¨ä¤Hµ¥Ä±®É¡@§Ú¤w¬°¤J¯v |
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³g±ý¡D½QÑ}ÇeÇF§óÇR¡@¡@¡@¡@µLª¾Çy±ËÇMÇRÆ÷Çr ÇDÇU¤H¤HÇUıÇgÇrÇOÆó¡@¡@¡@¾ð¯«ÇoÇvÇsÇV¯vÇrÇQÇq |
µ§ªÌĶ |
¨º¨Ç§â³g¡B½Q¡B·ö¥h°£¡]°±®§¡BÂ\¦b¤@Ãä¡^ªº¤HÌ¡A ¤Ñ¯«°Ú¡I¦b¥LÌ¿ôµÛ®É§Ú¬OºÎµÛªº¡C |
¡@¡@ÔU¹|¡]¤¡^ªºº~Ķ¡]¤@¡^¡uı¸t¤K¹DªÌ¡@¤T¦ò¤§©Òºt¡@©ó©¼Ä±¹íªk¡v»P¤éĶ¡]¤@¡^¡u¸tÇQÇr¤K¹DÇV¡B¤T¦òÇUºtÇ]Çr©ÒÇQÇrÇyıÇq¡B©¼ÇsÇUı¹íÇUªkÇR©óÇM¡v¬Ò©M¤Ú§Q»yªº¡§Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca avijjā ca
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virājitātesu jāgaramānesu¡¨ªºµü¸q¬Æ¤£¬Û¦P¡A¤K¹D¤Î¤T¦ò¤]¥¼¦b¦¹¹|ªº¤Ú§Q»y¤¤¥X²{¡A©Î³\¬O¨Ó¦Û©ó¤£¦Pªº¶Ç¥»¡C
ÔU¹|¡]¤»¡^
¤Ú§Q»y |
Evaṃ jāgarataṃ sutto, evaṃ suttesu jāgaro, evaṃ etaṃ vijānāmi, evaṃ paṭibhaṇāmi te ti |
^Ķ |
So it is I wake while others sleep, and sleep while others wake: So it is I read your riddle, so to you I answer make. |
º~Ķ¡]¤@¡^ |
¬O¿×¯«¤Ñ¡u§Úı§Ú¬°¯v¡@§Ú¯v§Ú¬°Ä± ¡@¡@¡@§Úª¾§Ú¤À§O¡@±ýª¾¬O¦¹¸q¡v |
¤éĶ¡]¤@¡^ |
¬OÇy¯«¤ÑÇR¡B¡u§ÚıÇgÇrÇy§Ú¯vÇrÇO¬°Æý¡@§Ú¯vÇrÇy§ÚıÇgÇrÇO¬°Ç@ ¡@¡@¡@§Úª¾Çq¡B§Ú¤À§OÇ@¡B¡@¬OÇs¦¹ÇU¸qÇyª¾ÇpÇzÇO±ýÇ@ÇrÆñ¡vÇO¿×ÇYÆýÇQÇq |
º~Ķ¡]¤G¡^ |
¥Lı¦¹¬°¯v¡@¥L¯v¦¹¦Ûı ¦p¬O¸Ñ¦¹°Ý¡@¦p¬O¬°§gµª |
¤éĶ¡]¤G¡^ |
¥LıÇhÇFÇsÇW´µÆõ¯vÇq¡@¥L¯vÇqÇQÇW´µÆõ¥ØıÇg º¸ÆñÆõ¸ÑÇBÇz¦¹ÇU°ÝÇy¡@º¸ÆñÆõµªÇ_Çz§gÆòÇFÇh |
µ§ªÌĶ |
³o¼Ë¤l¡A¦b¿ôµÛªº¤H̤¤§ÚºÎµÛ¤F¡A³o¼Ë¤l¦bºÎµÛªº¤H̤¤§Ú¿ôµÛ¡A §Ú³o¼Ë¤F¸Ñ³oÓÁ¼¡A§Ú³o¼Ë¬°±z¸Ñ»¡¡C |
¡@¡@ÔU¹|¡]¤»¡^ªº²{¶H«h»PÔU¹|¡]¤G¡^¤@¼Ë¡Aº~Ķ¡]¤@¡^»P¤éĶ¡]¤@¡^«üªº¬O§Úı©O¡HÁÙ¬O«ü¨º¨Çı¿ôªº¤H̤¤©O¡Hȱo°Ó°u¡I
ÔU¹|¡]¤C¡^
¤Ú§Q»y |
Sādhu jāgarataṃ sutto, sādhu suttesu jāgaro, sādhu me taṃ vijānāsi, sādhu paṭibhaṇāsi me ti |
^Ķ |
Good it is you wake while others sleep, and sleep while others wake: Good your reading of my riddle, good the answer that you make. |
º~Ķ¡]¤@¡^ |
µ½«vı¬°¯v¡@µ½«v¯v¬°Ä± µ½«vª¾¤À§O¡@µ½«v»D¦¹¸q |
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¡mĵ¹í¥»¥Í¡n¢w¢w Jāgarajātaka Ķª`¤Î»y¸q¤ÀªR |
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µ½Æê«v¡BıÇgÇrÇy¯vÇrÇO¬°Ç@Çk¡@µ½Æê«v¡B¯vÇrÇyıÇgÇrÇO¬°Ç@Çk µ½Æê«v¡Bª¾Çq¡B¤À§OÇ@ÇrÇk¡@¡@µ½Æê«v¡B¦¹ÇU¸qÇy»DÆ÷ÇrÇk ÇO |
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µ½«v¡I²³¤H¬Ò¿ô®É§AºÎµÛ¡Aµ½«v¡I²³¤H¬ÒºÎ®É§A¿ôµÛ¡A µ½«v¡I§A¤F¸Ñ§Ú³oÓÁ¼ÃD¡Aµ½«v¡I§A¬°§Ú¸Ñ»¡¡C |
¡@¡@µ§ªÌ»{¬°ÔU¹|¡]¤C¡^ªº¤éĶ¡]¤G¡^¡Bº~Ķ¡]¤G¡^¡A¬Ò¥H¡uµ½¡v×¹¢¯v¡A»P¤Ú§Q¤å¤¤ªº sādhu¡]µ½«v¡^¥Îªk¤£¬Æ¬Û¦P¡A¦³«Ý¶i¤@¨B·r°u¡C
¤T¡BÔU¹|¤åÅ鲤z
¡@¡@¤Ú§Q»yªº»yªk»Pº~¤åªº¶Ç²Î¤j¤£¬Û¦P¡A«ÜÃø¥Î¤¤°ê©T¦³»yªkªí²{¨ä²§°êªº·ªö¡A¦p¤Ú§Q»yªºÔU¹|¡A©¹©¹¬°¤F°t¦XÃý«ß¦Ó¬Ù²¤¤@¨Ç»yµü¡B¥[¶i¤@¨Çl¥Í¦r©ÎµuµÅܬ°ªøµ¡A¦bº~¤å¤¤´N«ÜÃø§ä¨ì¬Û¹ïÀ³ªº»yµü¨Ó°t¦X¥¦¡CÄÀ{¦È¥§¬O¥Î»y¨¥¨Ó»¡ªkªº¡A±N¨ä»y¨¥°O¿ý¤U¨Ó´N¦¨¬°¸g¨å¡C¸g¨å¤£¬OÄÀ´L¿Ë¦ÛµÛzªº¡AÄÀ´L»P§Ì¤l¤§¶¡ªº°Ýµª¤]¨ÌµM¬O¾a»y¨¥ªº¡C¦òªû®É¥N¨Ã¨S¦³®Ñ¼gªº¸g¨å¡A±Ðªk¬O¾a®v§Ì¶¡¤f¶Ç¤ß±Âªº¿ìªk¬y¶Ç«O¦sªº¡A³o¤f»w¶Ç©Óªº¤è¦¡¤]¬O¥j¥N¦L«×ªÀ·|´¶¹Mªº²ßºD¡C[20]¡@¦p¦¹±Àª¾¡A¸g¨åì¬O»yÅé¤å¡A¦]¦¹¦ò¨å¤§Ä¶¤åÃø§K»P¤¤°ê©T¦³»yªk¦s¦³®t²§¡Cº~¤åªº»yªk¡A¦b¸g¨å½Ķ¤W¤£¤@©w¥Î±o¤W¡F¸g¨å¤W±Ä¥Îªº»yªk¡A¤£¤@©w§ä±o¥Xº~¤å¹ïÀ³ªº¥Îªk¡C[21]
¡@¡@¦ò¨å¦bº©ªøªººt¶i»P¶Ç¼½¹Lµ{¤¤¡A©¹©¹¨Ï¥Î²LÅã©öÀ´¡B¥Í°Ê¬¡¼âªºªí¹F¤è¦¡¨Ó¥°´¨ä¼s²`ªº±Ð¸q¡C¹³¥»¥Í¸g¦¬®eÂ×´Iªº¬G¨Æ¡A¤Hª«¡B°Êª«§Î¶HÂA©ú¡F®Ý®Ý¥Í°Ê¡B©I¤§±ý¥X¡F±¡¸`¦±§é¡B»y¨¥²LÅã¡A³q«U©öÀ´¨ã¦³
20. °Ñ¾\¶P¤ªªº¡m²¤½Í¤Ú§Q»y¡n¡C
21. °Ñ¾\¥[¦aõ©wµÛ¡D¼B½Ã¬PĶ¡m¤¤°ê¦ò±Ð¤å¾Ç¡n¶11¡C¡]°ª¶¯¡G¦ò¥ú¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1993¦~7¤ëªìª©¤@¨ê¡^
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¡mĵ¹í¥»¥Í¡n¢w¢w Jāgarajātaka Ķª`¤Î»y¸q¤ÀªR |
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¥Í¬¡®ð®§¡A¥O¤H·Pı¦L¶H²`¨è¡C¥»¥Í¸g©|¨ã¦³¿W¯Sªº¥\¯à¡A§Y¬OÄĵo¦òªû±Ð¸q¡A¶Ç´¦ò±Ðºë¯«¡C¦b¥Í°Ê²L¥Õªº¬G¨ÆI«á¡Aħt²`»·ªº´J¸q¡A¤@Ó¬G¨Æ»¡©ú¤@Ó¹D²z¡A«Ü«K©ó¾\Ū©M¶Ç´¡C
¡@¡@ÔU¹|¥»¨Ó·N«ü¤Q¤G¤À±Ð¤¤©Ò¿×ªº¡u¦÷ªû¡v¡B¡u¬é©]¡v¡C¡u¦÷ªû¡v¤S¥s¡uÔUªû¡v¡A²¤ºÙ¡uÔU¡v¡C¹|¦b¤¤°ê´N¬O¹|ÃÙ¤§·N¡A©ÎªÌÃÙ¬ü¥\¼w¡F©ÎªÌ¬ü¤Æ²±¼wµ¥µ¥¡CÁ`¤§¡A¬Oºq¥\¹|¼w¡B¹|ÃÙ¡BÃÙ¬üªº·N«ä¡C¡m¥»¥Í¸gª`¡n¸Ñ»¡¥»¥Í¸gªº¤¦Ê¥|¤Q¤CÓ¬G¨Æ¡Aª`¸Ñªº§Î¦¡¬O©T©wªº¡A¤À¬°¤Ó³¡¥÷¡G¡]¤@¡^¤µ¥Í¬G¨Æ¡G±Ôz¦òªûÁ¿z¬G¨Æªº¦aÂI»P½t¥Ñ¡C¡]¤G¡^«e¥Í¬G¨Æ¡G±Ôz¦òªû¹L¥h¥Íªº¬G¨Æ¡C¡]¤T¡^¥»ÔU¡]¥|¡^ÔUÄÀ¡G¸ÑÄÀÔU¹|¤¤ªºµü¸q¡C¡]¤¡^³sµ¸©ÎºÙ¹ïÀ³¡G±N«e¥Í¬G¨Æ¤¤ªº¤Hª«»P¤µ¥Í¬G¨Æ¤¤ªº¨¤¦â¬Û¹ïÀ³¡B³sô°_¨Ó¡C¥»½g¡mĵ¹í¥»¥Í¡n¤]¤£Â÷¦¹ºØªí²{¤è¦¡¡C
¡@¡@¥»½g¥Dn¦bÄÄ´¸g¦æªº¦n³B»Pĵ¹íªº¥\¼w¡C¥»¤å±N¦bĶª`¦æ¤å¤¤¡AÀH¤å¸àÄÀ¡uĵ¹í¡v»P¡u¸g¦æ¡vªº·N¸q¡C
¥|¡BĶª`¤º®e
Ko dha
jāgarataṃ sutto ti.
½Ö¦b¿ôµÛªº[22]¡@¤H̤¤ºÎµÛ¤F¡H
Idaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto aññataraṃ upāsakaṃ ārabbha kathesi.
³o¬O¦í¦b¬éªû¶éªº¾É®v¡A½Í¨ì¦³Ãö¬Y¦ìÀu±C¶ëªºÔU¹|¡C
So hi
sotāpanno ariyasāvako sāvatthito sakaṭasatthena saddhiṃ kantāramaggaṃ
paṭipajji.
¥L¬O¤@¦ìÃÒ±o¶·ªû¬§ªG[23]¡@ªº¸tÁn»D§Ì¤l¡A±qªÙ½Ã«°©M°Ó¶¤¥D¤@°_¶i¤J
22. ¦¹³B¥Hı¿ô©MºÎ¯v¤¬¬ÛŨ¦«ªk¸q¡A·N¿×צ椧¤H®Õp«ä±©¡A±Þ©]¼ÛÅAı¹í¤§¼w; ºC´k¤£Ä±¤§¤H«h¦Û¼Û»¡ºÎ¯v¤§n¡C
23. ·N¿×¹w¬yªG¡A§YªìªG¡A¥h¤Z¤Ò¦ì¤J¸t¹Dªk¬y¡AÂ_¤T¬É¨£´b¤J¹DªÌ¬y¤§Ãþ¡CY¬d¾\ The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha-A new Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya-Translated from the Pali, Original Translation by Bhikkhu Ñānamoli, Translation Edited and Revised by Bhikkhu Bodhi, p. 42¡]Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society¡^«h¦³¸Ô²Óªº¸Ñ»¡¡G¡§the path of stream-entry, has the task of eradicating the grossest three fetters: personality view, i.e., the view of a self among the five aggregates; doubt in the Buddha and his teaching; and adherence to external rules and observances, either ritualistic or ascetic, in the belief that they can bring purification. When the disciple realises the fruit of this path he becomes a stream-enterer ¡]sotāpanna¡^, who has entered the ¡¥stream¡¦ of the Noble Eightfold Path that will carry him irreversibly to Nibbāna. The stream-enter is bound to reach final liberation in a maximum of seven more births, which all occur either in the human world or in the heavenly realms.¡¨ ¥ç¥i°Ñ¦Ò¡mÂøªü§t¸g¡n¨÷29¡G¡uÂ_¤Tµ²¿×¡G¨¨£¡B§Ù¨ú¡BºÃ¡CÂ_¦¹¤Tµ²±o¶·ªû¬§¡A¤£¼Z´c½ìªk¡B¨M©w¥¿½ì¤TµÐ´£¡A¤C¦³¤Ñ¤H©¹¥Í¨s³ºWÃä¡C¡v¡]T. 2. 210b-3¡ãb-1¡^
¡@
¡@
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¡mĵ¹í¥»¥Í¡n¢w¢w Jāgarajātaka Ķª`¤Î»y¸q¤ÀªR |
¤¤µØ¦ò¾Ç¬ã¨s ²Ä¤´Á¡]2001.03¡^ |
Ãm³¥¤§ÀI¸ô¡C
Satthavāho
tattha ekasmiṃ udakaphāsukaṭṭhāne pañcasatasakaṭāni[24]¡@mocetvā
khādaniyabhojaniyaṃ[25]¡@saṃvidahitvā vāsaṃ
upagañchi[26].
°Ó¶¤¥D¡]ªº¨®¶¤¡^¡A°±¦b¤@ӥΤô¤è«Kªº¦a¤è¡A¤¦Ê[27]¡@¨®¼¨ø¤Uª«¨Ó¡A·Ç³Æ¤Fµw¹¡B³n¹¡A¼È®É¦w¹y¤§«á¡A¦æ±N´N¹ì¡C
Manussā tattha tattha nipajjitvā
supiṃsu.
¨®¶¤¤Hû¨ì³B½ö¤U¨Ó¤§«áºÎµÛ¤F¡C
Upāsako pana satthavāhassa santike
ekasmiṃ rukkhamūle caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhāsi.
µM¦Ó¡AÀu±C¶ë¦b°Ó¶¤¥Dªºªþªñ¤@´Ê¾ð¤U®Ú³B¡A±Mª`׫ù¸g¦æªkªù[28]¡@¡C
24. D¥»¬° pañca sakaṭasatāni.
25. D¥»¬° khādaniyabhojaniyam, Pali-English Dictionary §@ khādaniyabhojaniyam.
26. D¥»¬° upagacchi.
27. ªx«ü¼Æ¥Ø«Ü¦h¡A¥ÎªkµS¦p¤¤¤åªº¦Ê©m¡B¦Ê¯ë¡B¦Ê«ä¤£¸Ñµ¥¡C
28. ¦b¡m¥XÂ`¸g¡n¨÷27´£¨ì¸g¦æ¤§¤HÀò¤ºØ¥\¼w¡G¤@ªÌ³ô¥ô»·¦æ¡B¤GªÌ¦h¤O¡B¤TªÌ©Ò¥i¹äü¦ÛµM®ø¤Æ¡B¥|ªÌµL¯f¡B¤ªÌ¸g¦æ¤§¤H³t±oÁI©w¡C¡]°ÑT 4.212.755a14-16¡^
¡@
¡@
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¡mĵ¹í¥»¥Í¡n¢w¢w Jāgarajātaka Ķª`¤Î»y¸q¤ÀªR |
¤¤µØ¦ò¾Ç¬ã¨s ²Ä¤´Á¡]2001.03¡^ |
Atha
naṃ satthaṃ
vilumpāmā'ti pañcasatacorā nānāāvudhāni[29]¡@gahetvā satthaṃ parivāretvā
aṭṭhaṃsu.
¡uÅý§Ú̱j§T³oÓ°Ó¶¤¥D¡I¡v¤¦Êµs¸é®³µÛºØºØªZ¾¹¡A¥]³ò¤F°Ó¶¤¥D¡A¥¿µ¥«Ý¤U¤â¡C
Te taṃ upāsakaṃ caṅkamantaṃ disvā imassa
niddāyanakāle vilumpissāmā'ti
tatthatattha aṭṭhaṃsu.
¥L̬ݨ쥿¦b¸g¦æªºÀu±C¶ë¢w¢w¡u§Ú̱Nµ¥¥LºÎı®É¤U¤â¡I¡v¥|³B¯¸µÛµ¥«Ý¡C
So pi tiyāmarattiṃ caṅkami yeva. Corā
paccūsasamaye
gahitagahitapāsāṇamuggarādayo[30]¡@chaḍḍetvā bho[31]¡@satthavāha imaṃ appamādena jaggantaṃ
purisaṃ nissāya jīvitaṃ labhitvā tava santakassa sāmiko jāto si[32].
Etassa sakkāraṃ kāreyyāsii'ti[33]¡@pakkiṃsu.
¦ý¬OÀu±C¶ë¦bªì¡B¤¤¡B«á¤T¤À¡A¹ý©]¤£¯v¦a¸g¦æ[34]¡@¡C¨º¨Çµs¸é«o©ó¾¤
29. D¥»¬° vilumpitukāmā pañcasatā corā nānāvudhāni.
30. D¥»¬° gahitagahitā pāsāṇamuggarādayo.
31. D¥»µL bho.
32. D¥»µL si.
33. D¥»¬° kareyyāsiiti vatvā.
34. ®Ú¾Ú^Ķ¥»¤§¸ÑÃD¬°¡§How an ascetic kept vigil at nights.¡¨¡]°Ñ The Jātaka or Stories of the buddha¡¦s former births, under the editorship of Professor E. B. Cowell, Vol ¢», Contents p. XVI¡^¦ý¸g¤å¤¤¨Ã¥¼¸Ô²Ó»¡©ú¦p¦ó¹ý©]¤£¯vªº¤èªk¡A¥u¦b¦¹³B´£¨ì©ó«e¡B¤¤¡B«á¤T¤À¤£°±¦a¸g¦æ¡CY°Ñ The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha, pp. 365¡B462¡B574¡B875¡B994¡A ¬Ò¤Þ¥Î¦òªû±Ð±Â¦p¦óĵ¹í¢w¢wHow is a noble disciple devoted to wakefulness?¢w¢wªº¦P¤@¤èªk§Y¡§during the day, while walking back and forth and sitting, a noble disciple purifies his mind of obstructive states. In the first watch of the night, while walking back and forth and sitting, he purifies his mind of obstructive states.¡@In the middle watch of the night he lies down on the right side in the lion¡¦s pose with one foot overlapping the other, mindful and fully aware, after noting in his mind the time for rising.¡@After rising, in the third watch of the night, while walking back and forth and sitting, he purifies his mind of obstructive states.¡@That is how a noble disciple is devoted to wakefulness.¡¨´N¬O¦b¥Õ¤Ñ¨Ó¦^¸g¦æ¥B©óÁI§¤®É¡A²M²b¦Û¤ß¡B²b°£»\»Ù¡C¦b©]«e¤À¡A¨Ó¦^¸g¦æ¥B©óÁI§¤®É¡A²M²b¦Û¤ß¡B²b°£»\»Ù¡C¦b©]¤¤¤À®É¡A¥H·à¤lª×¦¡¥k°¼½ö¤U¡A¤@¨¬Å|©ó©ó¥t¤@¨¬¤W¡C©À©À¤À©úª½¦Ü°_¨¡C¦b©]«á¤À¡A¨Ó¦^¸g¦æ¥B©óÁI§¤®É¡A²M²b¦Û¤ß¡B²b°£»\»Ù¡C
¡@
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©ú®É¡A¥µ±¼©Ò®³ªº¥ÛÀY¡B¤ì´Òµ¥µ¥¤§«á»¡¡G¡u³Þ¡I°Ó¶¤¥D°Ú¡I¥Ñ©ó³oÓ¤£©ñ¶h¡B¿ôµÛ¤£ºÎªº¤H¡A§AÀò±o¬¡©R¥B¦¨¬°¦Û¤v°]²£ªº¥D¤H¡C§AÀ³¸Ó§·q¥L¡I¡v »¡§¹³o¨Ç¸Ü´NÂ÷¥h¤F¡C
Manussā kālass'eva vuṭṭhāya tehi
chaḍḍite pāsāṇādayo[35]¡@disvā imaṃ nissāya amhehi
jivitaṃ[36]¡@laddhanti upāsakassa sakkāraṃ
adaṃsu[37].
¤H̾A®É°_§É«á¡A¬Ý¨ì¨º¨Ç³Q¥á±óªº¥ÛÀYµ¥µ¥¢w¢w¡u¥Ñ©ó³o¦ì¤j¼w¡A§Ṳ́~±o¥H¬¡©R¡C¡v¦]¦¹µ¹¤©Àu±C¶ë¤@µf§·q¡C
Upāsako pi icchitaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā
katakicco puna Sāvatthiṃ āgantvā Jetavanaṃ gantvā Tathāgataṃ pūjetvā
vanditvā nisinno kiṃ upāsaka na paññāyasiiti vutte etaṃ atthaṃ[38]¡@ārocesi.
Àu±C¶ë¤]«e©¹·Q¥hªº¦a¤è¡A¸Ó§@ªº¨Æ³£§@§¹¤§«á¡A¤S¦^¨ìªÙ½Ã«°¨Ó¡C¥h¤F¬éªû¶é¡A¨Ñ¾i¡B§·q¦p¨Ó¤§«á§¤¤U¨Ó¢w¢w¡uÀuªi¶ë°Ú¡I§A¬°¦ó¨S³Q¨£¨ì¡]¦h®É¤£¨£¡^©O¡H¡v¦p¨Ó°ÝµÛ¢w¢w¥L´N§i¶D¦p¨Ó³o¥ó¨Æ±¡¡C
Satthā na kho upāsaka tvaṃ ñeva[39]¡@aniddāyitvā jagganto visesaṃ labhi porāṇakapaṇḍitāpi jaggantā visesaguṇam[40]¡@labhiṃsū'ti vatvā tena yācito atītaṃ āhari:
35. D¥»¬° chaḍḍitapāsāṇamuggarādayo.
36. D¥»¬° jīvitaṃ¡A°Ñ Pali-English Dictionary, p. 285a§@ jīvitaṃ.
37. D¥»¬° akaṃsu¡A·N¿×¡G¡u¥Ļ@¹L¤F¡v¡C
38. D¥»¬° tamatthaṃ.
39. D¥»¬° tvaṃyeva.
40. D¥»¬° visesaṃ guṇaṃ.
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Atīte Bārāṇasiyaṃ Brahmadatte rajjaṃ karente[41]¡@Bodhisatto brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā vayappatto Takkasilāya[42]¡@sabbasippāni uggaṇhitvā paccāgantvā
agāramajjhe vasanto aparabhāge nikkhamitvā isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā
nacirass'eva[43]¡@jhānābhiññaṃ nibbattetvā Himavantapadese
ṭhānacavkamiriyāpatho hutvā vasanto niddaṃ
anupagantvā sabbarattiṃ cavkamati.
©¹©õ¦bªiù©`¡A±ë¬I¤ý[44]¡@²Îªvªº®ÉÔ¡AµÐÂĥͩó±Cùªù®a±Ú¡Aªø¤j¦¨¦~¦b¶ð§J¦è©Ô¾Ç§¹¤@¤Áªºª¾ÃѾÇÃÀ¤§«á¡A¦^¥h¹L®a©~¥Í¬¡¡C«á¨ÓÂ÷¶}®a¡A¥X®a¹LµÛ¥P¤Hªº×¦æ¥Í¬¡¡C¤£¤[±o¨ìÁI©w¯«³q¡A¦b³ß°¨©Ô¶®¤s°Ïצ¨¦æ¡B¦í¡B§¤¡Bª×¥|«Â»ö¡A¹LµÛ¤£¥²ºÎ¯v¡B¹ý©]¸g¦æªº¤é¤l¡C
Ath' assa caṇkamakoṭiyaṃ rukkhe nibbattadevatā tussitvā khandhavivare[45]¡@ṭhatvā pañhaṃ pucchantī paṭhamaṃ gāthaṃ āha:
41. D¥»¬° kārente.
42. D¥»¬° takkasilāyaṃ.
43. D¥»¬° na cirasseva.
44. ¥Ñ Gregory Schopen, Austin ªº If You Can't Remember, How to Make It Up: Some Monastic Rules for Redacting Canonical Texts¡] Indica et Tibetica¡D30, Bauddhavidyāsudhākarah, studies in Honour of Heinz Bechert on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday, edited by Petra Kieffer-Pülz and Jens-Uwe Hartmann¡^ªº¦ÒÃÒ¡GÀu±CÂ÷ªø¦Ñ´¿°Ý¦òªû¡A¦p¦]°O¾Ð¤OÁ¡®z¡A°O¤£±o¦òªû±Ð»¡ªº¬ÛÃö¤H¦W¡B¦a¦W®É¸Ó¦p¦ó¡H¦òªû«ü¥Ü¦p¦³Ãö©ó¹L¥hªº¬G¨Æ¡A¦a¦W¨ú Varaṇāsii¡]ªiù©`¡^; °ê¤ý¦W¨ú Brahmadatta¡]±ë¬I¤ý¡^¡C¦]¦¹¦b¤Ú§Q»y¥»¥Í¸g¤¤´£¨ì±ë¬I¤ý®É¡A¦b¬G¨Æ¤¤¤£¨ã¦³¹ê»ÚªºÃö«Y¡C¤S®Ú¾Ú©úÁé´i§B·q¼¶¡mº·«ÄY¸g¦p»¡¡n¡u¦ò¦b¬Y³B»P¬Yµ¥Ñ¡A¤ª¦ó°Ýµª¤D¦Ü«H¨ü©^¦æ¡Aµ²¶°³q¨Ò¤]¡C¡v¡]°Ñ¦ÒÉÃÄò¡D13.286.385c13-14; J.34.307.433a15-16¡^
45. D¥»¬° nibbattarukkhadevatā tussitvā rukkhaviṭape¡A·N¿×¡G¡u¦³¤@¦ìªø©ó¾ð¤¤ªº¤Ñ¯«¡A¬°¨ä·P¨ìÅwªY¡A¯¸¦b¾ðªK¤W¡C¡v
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1. Ko'dha[46]¡@jāgarataṃ sutto, ko'dha suttesu jāgaro
¡@ko mam'etaṃ[47]¡@vijānāti, ko taṃ paṭibhaṇāti me ti.
¡u½Ö¦b¿ôµÛªº¤H̤¤ºÎµÛ¤F¡H½Ö¦bºÎµÛªº¤H̤¤¿ôµÛ¡H½Ö¤Fª¾§Ú
¡@ªºÁ¼ÃD¡H½Ö¬°§Ú¸Ñ»¡¡H¡v
Tattha kodhā ti ko idha,
¦¹³B¡§ko'dha¡¨§Y¡§ko idha¡¨¡A¿×¡G¡u½Ö¡H¡vªº·N«ä¡C
mametaṃ ti ko mama etaṃ pañhaṃ vijānāti,
¡§mametaṃ¡¨§Y¡§ko mama etaṃ panñhaṃ
vijānāti¡¨¡A¿×¡G¡u½Ö¤Fª¾§Úªº³oÓÁ¼ÃD¡H¡vªº·N«ä¡C
ko taṃ
paṭibhaṇāti me ti taṃ evaṃ mayā puṭṭhapañhaṃ[48]¡@mayhaṃ ko paṭibhaṇāti ko vyākarituṃ
sakkhissatīti pucchati.
¡§ko taṃ paṭibhaṇāti me¡¨§Y¡§taṃ evaṃ mayā puṭṭhapañhaṃ mayhaṃ ko
paṭibhaṇāti ko vyākarituṃ[49]¡@sakkhissati¡¨¡A¿×¡G¡u¥Ñ§Ú©Ò°Ýªº³oÓÁ¼ÃD¡A½Ö¬°§Ú¦^µª¡H½Ö¬°§Ú¸ÑÄÀ¡H¡vªº·N«ä¡C
Bodhisatto tassā vacanaṃ sutvā
µÐÂÄÅ¥¤F¥L³oµf¸Ü¤§«á¡A
2. Ahaṃ jāgarataṃ sutto, ahaṃ suttesu jāgaro
46. D¥»¬° kodha.
47. D¥»¬° mametaṃ.
48. D¥»¬° etaṃ mayā puṭṭhaṃ pañhaṃ.
49. D¥»¬° byākarituṃ.
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¡@ahaṃ etaṃ vijānāmi, ahaṃ paṭibhaṇāmi te ti.
¡u§Ú¦b¿ôµÛªº¤H̤¤ºÎµÛ¤F¡A§Ú¦bºÎµÛªº¤H̤¤¿ôµÛ¡A§Ú¤Fª¾³o
¡@ÓÁ¼ÃD¡A§Ú¬°±z¸Ñ»¡¡C¡v
imaṃ
gāthaṃ vatvā puna tāya
»¡§¹³oÓÔU¹|«á¡A¦A¥Ñ¤Ñ¯«¡]»¡¡^¡G
3. Kathaṃ jāgarataṃ sutto, kathaṃ suttesu jāgaro
¡@kathaṃ etaṃ vijānāsi, kathaṃ paṭibhaṇāsi me ti
¡u¦p¦ó¦b¿ôµÛªº¤H̤¤ºÎµÛ¤F¡H¦p¦ó¦bºÎµÛªº¤H̤¤¿ôµÛ¡H
¡@±z¦p¦ó¤Fª¾³oÓÁ¼ÃD¡H±z¦p¦ó¬°§Ú¸Ñ»¡¡H¡v
imaṃ
gāthaṃ puṭṭho taṃ atthaṃ vyākaronto
³Q°Ý¤F³oÓÔU¹|¡FµÐÂĸÑÄÀ¤F¥¦ªº·N¸q¡C
4. Ye dhammaṃ nappajānanti saññamo[50]¡@ti damo ti ca
¡@tesu suppamānesu ahaṃ jaggāmi devate
¡u¥L̤£¤F¸Ñ¡y¸T§Ù«ß»ö¡z¤Î¡y½Õ¥ñ¤ß¡z¡A
¡@¤Ñ¯«°Ú¡I¦b³o¨Ç¤HºÎµÛ®É§Ú¿ôµÛ¡C¡v5. Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca avijjā ca virājitā
¡@tesu jāgaramānesu ahaṃ sutto'smi devate
¡u¹ï¨º¨Ç§â³g¡B½Q¡B·öÂ\¦b¤@Ãä¡]°±®§¡^ªº¤HÌ¡A
¡@¤Ñ¯«°Ú¡I¦b¥LÌ¿ôµÛ®É§Ú¬OºÎµÛªº¡C¡v6. Evaṃ jāgarataṃ sutto, evaṃ suttesu jāgaro
¡@evaṃ etaṃ vijānāmi, evaṃ paṭibhaṇāmi te ti[51]
50. D¥»¬° saṃyamoti.
51. D¥»«á¥[ imā gāthā āha.
¡@
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¡u¦p¬O¦b¿ôµÛªº¤H̤¤ºÎµÛ¤F¡A¦p¬O¦bºÎµÛªº¤H̤¤¿ôµÛ¡A
¡@¦p¬O§Ú¤Fª¾¦¹Á¼¡A¦p¬O§Ú¬°±z¸Ñ»¡¡C¡v
Tattha kathaṃ jāgarataṃ sutto ti kathaṃ
tvaṃ jāgarataṃ sattānaṃ antare sutto nāma hosi, esa nayo sabbattha.
¦¹³B¡§kathaṃ jāgarataṃ sutto¡¨¿×¡G¡u¬°¦ó§A¦b¿ôµÛªº¦³±¡¤§¤¤¡A½T¹ê¬OºÎµÛªº¡H³oÓì«h¬O´¶¹Mªº¡]¨ì³B¬O³oºØ¤è¦¡¡^¡C¡v
ye dhamman ti ye sattā navavidhalokuttaradhammaṃ
na jānanti[52].
¡§ye dhamman¡¨¿×¡G¡u¨º¨Ç¦³±¡¤£¤F¸Ñ¤EºØ¥X¥@¶¡ªk[53]¡@¡C¡v
saññamo ti damo ti cā'ti ayaṃ saññamo ayaṃ damo ti
evañ ca ye maggena āgataṃ siilañ c'eva indriyasaṃvarañ ca na jānanti.
¡§saññamo¡¨¤Î¡§damo¡¨¿×¡G¡u³o¡y¸T§Ù«ß»ö¤Î½Õ¥ñ¤ß¡z¥L̤£¤F¸Ñ¸g¥Ñ¦p¬O¥¿¹D©ÒÀò±oªº§Ù©M®Ú«ß»ö¡C¡v
indriyasaṃvaro hi manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ
damanato damo ti vuccati,
®Ú«ß»ö§Y¬O»P²Ä¤»ÃѬÛÀ³ªº½Ñ®Ú¡A¥Ñ©ó¾Ç²ß¦Ó¼ô½m±o¥H±±¨î¡B½Õ¥ñ¤§¿×¤]¡C
tesu suppamānesU'ti tesu kilesaniddāvasena suppantesu[54]¡@sattesu ahaṃ appamādavasena jaggāmi.
52. D¥»¬° navavidhaṃ lokuttaradhammaṃ na pajānanti.
53. ®Ú¾Ú¤éĶ¡m«n¶Ç¤jÂøg¡D¤£¹ìµf¥»¥Íª«»y¡nª`1¡u³ÓÇsÆýªkÇOÇV¤EºØÇU¥X¥@¶¡ªk§YÇH¥|¦V¥|ªG¤ÎÇZ¯IºnÇU¤EªkÇy¨¥Ç\¡v°Ñ¤Wª`4¡Ap. 410. navavidhalokuttara-dhammaṃ¬O¤Ú§Q±M¦³³N»y¡A«ü¥|¦V¥|ªG¤Î¯Iºn¡]cf. Buddhist Dictionary, by Nyanatiloka, BPS, p. 107, ¡¥LOKUTTARA¡¦¤@±ø¡^¡C
54. D¥»¬° supantesu.
¡@
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¡§tesu suppamāneu¡¨§Y¦b¨º¨Ç¦]¬°·Ð´o¡BµL©úªº¼vÅT¡A¦p¦PºÎµÛ¦Ó°g½kªº¦³±¡¤¤¡A§Ú¥Ñ©ó¤£©ñ¶hªº¤O¶q¦Óı¿ôµÛ¡C
yesaṃ rāgo cā'ti gāthāya yesaṃ mahākhīṇāsavānaṃ padasatena niddiṭṭhadiighataṇhālobhasamkhāto[55]¡@rāgo ca navāghātavatthusa-muṭṭhāno[56]¡@doso ca dukkhādiisu aṭṭhasu vatthusu aññānabhūtā[57]¡@avijjā cā'ti ime kilesā virājitā pahīnā tesu ariyesu sabbākārena jāgaramānesu te upādāya ahaṃ sutto nāma devate ti attho,
¡§tesu suppamāneu yesaṃ rāgo ca¡¨«ü¹ï©ó¨º¨Ç¤jº|ºÉªÌ¡A¦bÔU¹|ùØ¥H³\¦h[58]¡@ªº¥y¤l»¡©ú©Ò¿×ªø´Áªº³g±ý¤§³g¡B¤EºØ½Q«ë©Ò²£¥Íªº½Q¥H¤Î©óWµ¥¤K¨Æ[59]¡@¤£¤Fª¾ªº·ö¡C¦b¨º¨ÇÂ_°£·Ð´o¥H¤@¤Á¦æ¬Ûı¿ôªº¸tªÌ¤§¤¤¡A©M¥L̤ñ°_¨Ó¡A¤Ñ¯«°Ú¡I§Ú½T¹ê¬OºÎµÛªº¡C
evaṃ jāgaratan'ti evaṃ devate ahaṃ iminā kāraṇena
jāgarataṃ sutto nāmā'ti, esa nayo sabbattha padesu[60].
¡§evaṃ jāgarataṃ¡¨§Y¡G¡u¤Ñ¯«°Ú¡I§Ú¥Ñ©ó³o¨Çì¬G¡A¦bı¿ô¤§¤H·í¤¤¡Aªº½T¦p¦PºÎµÛ¤F¡C¡v
Evaṃ mahāsattena pañhe kathite tuṭṭhā
devatā tassa thutiṃ karontī osānagāthaṃ āha:
¦p¬O¥Ñ¼¯¶FÂÄئ¸Ñ»¡¤F³o¨ÇÁ¼ÃD¡C¶}¤ßªº¤Ñ¯«Æg¼Û¼¯¶FÂÄ¡A»¡¤F³Ì«á¤@
55. D¥»¬° niddiṭṭhadiyaḍḍhasahassatavhālobhasavkhāto¡C¥y¤¤ diyaḍḍha Y¬° dutiya-aḍḍha ·N¿×¤@Ó¥b¡A©ó¦¹³B«hÃø²z¸Ñ¡C
56. D¥»¬° navāaghātavatthusamuṭṭhāno.
57. D¥»¬° vatthūsu aññāṇabhūtā. °Ñ Pali-English Dictionary, p. 14b §@ aññāṇa-.
58. ¦P«e¤§ª`¡Apadasatena ·N¿×¦Ê¥y¡Aªí¥y¤l¼Æ¥Ø¤§¦h¡C
59. ¤KW¡]¥X¡m¯Iºn¸g¡n¨÷12¡^«ü¡G¤@.¥ÍW¡B¤G.¦ÑW¡B¤T.¯fW¡B¥|.¦ºW¡B¤.·R§OÂ÷W¡B¤».«è¼¨·|W¡B¤C.¨D¤£±oW¡B¤K.¤²±³±W¡C¡]¨£T. 12.374.435a3-5¡^
60. D¥»¬° sabbapadesu.
¡@
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7. Sādhu jāgarataṃ sutto, sādhu suttesu jāgaro
¡@sādhu me taṃ vijānāsi, sādhu paṭibhaṇāsi me ti
¡uµ½«v¡I²³¤H¬Ò¿ô®É¿WºÎµÛ¡Aµ½«v¡I²³¤H¬ÒºÎ®É¿W¿ôµÛ¡A
¡@µ½«v¡I±zÀ°§Ú¤Fª¾³oÁ¼ÃD¡Aµ½«v¡I±z¬°§Ú¸Ñ»¡¡C¡v
Tattha sādhū'ti sādhu laṭṭhakaṃ
katvā[61]¡@imaṃ pañhaṃ kathesi, mayaṃ pi naṃ
evaṃ
eva kathemā'ti.
¦¹³B¡§Sādhu¡¨¿×¡G¡uµ¹¤©¦nªº¹ÅµüÆg¼Û¤§«á¡A§u»w¤F©Ò±´¨sªº¤º®e¡A§Ṳ́]¬O¦p¦¹¦a«Å»¡³oÓÔU¹|¡C¡v
Evaṃ sā Bodhisattassa
thutiṃ katvā attano vimānaṃ eva pāvisi.
¦p¬O¤Ñ¯«Æg¼Û¤FµÐÂĤ§«á¡A¶i¤J¤F¦Û¤vªº®c·µ¡C
Satthā imaṃ desanaṃ[62]¡@āharitvā jātakaṃ samodhānesi: Tadā devatā[63]¡@Uppalavaṇṇā ahosi, tāpaso ahaṃ evā'ti[64].
¾É®vÁ¿z³oӱХܤ§«á¡A³sµ²¥»¥Í¬G¨Æ»¡¡G¡u¨º¤Ñ¯«¬O½¬ªá¦â[65]¡@¡]¤ñ
61. D¥»¬° bhaddakaṃ katvā tvaṃ¡A·N¿×¡G¡u¦n°Ú¡Iµ½«v¡I§A¡]¸Ñ»¡¤F³oÓÔU¹|¡^¡v¡C
62. D¥»¬° dhammadesanaṃ.
63. D¥»¬° devadhītā¡A·N¿×¡u¤k¯«¡v¡C
64. D¥»¬° pana ahameva ahosi¡¦ti.
65. Ãö©ó½¬ªá¦âªº¦æ¸ñ¡Aµ§ªÌº¥ý¬d¾\ Dictionary of Pā li Proper Names by G. P. Malalasekera, D. Litt., Ph. D., M.A.¡]Lond.¡^O.B.E. Vol. 1. pp. 418¡ã420¡]London and Boston: The Pali Text Society, London, 1974¡^¨ä¤¤´£¨ì½¬ªá¦â¬O¦òªû¨â¤j¤k§Ì¤l¤§¤@¡Aºë³q¯«ÅÜ¡C¦òªû´¿¦b¹¬¹Î«eÁnºÙ½¬ªá¦â¬°¤k²³¤¤ªº¯«³q²Ä¤@¡C´¿¤Æ§@Âà½ü¸t¤ý»â¥ý²³¤H®Ê¨£¦òªû¡C¥t¥~¦A°Ñ¦Ò Buddhist Stories from the Dhammapada Commentary Part IV Translated by E. W. Burlingame ¡]Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1988¡^¤º´£¨ì¤[»·§T¥H«e¡A½¬ªá¦â¦]¦V½¬ªá¤W¦ò¬èÄ@¡B¨Ñ¾i¦ÓÂà¥Í¦¨¬°»È¦æ®aªº½§¦â¦p«C½¬ªá¤ß¤§¤k¨à¡A¨ä¤÷®£¨ä±o¸o²³¦hªº°l¨DªÌ¡A¬°¨ä·Ç³ÆÂ×´Iªº¨Ñ¾i«~¡AÄU«j½¬ªá¦â¥X®a¬°¥§¡C«áÃÒ®©ªüùº~ªG¡A«o¥Ñ©ó¬ü»ª¾D¤H¿äÆn¡A¦òªû¦]¦Ó½Ð Kosala¡]³ìÂÄù°ê¡^ªº Pasenadi¡]ªi´µ°Î¤ý¡^©ó«°¤¤¬°¤k²³¹¬¹Î³]¥ß¦w©~³B¡A¥H§K©ó¼É¤O±j«I¡A·´¤Fצ椧¸ô¡C¦A°Ñ¦Ò¸tÄYªk®vªº¡m¸tªÌªº¬G¨Æ¡D½¬ªá¦â¥§¡n¶131¡ã165¡]¡mªk¹ª¥þ¶°¡n²Ä5¿è¡A²Ä7¥U¡A»O¥_¡Gªk¹ª¤å¤Æ¤½¥q¡A1999¦~12¤ë¤Gª©¤@¨ê¡^±q¡m¥|¤À«ß¡n¡B¡m®Ú¥»»¡¤@¤Á¦³³¡«ß¡n¡B¡m¹¬¬é«ß¡n¥H¤Î¡m»ó©`C¡nµ¥½Ñ³¡«ß¨å¦¬¶°Â×´Iªº¤º®e¡A¥H¤å¾Ç¦¡µ§ªk´y¼g½¬ªá¦â¥§ªº¥Í¥¨Æ¸ñ¡A¸Ô²Ó±Ôz½¬ªá¦âªº¥Í¥@¡G¦]¬°½¬ªá¦âªº¥À¿Ë¤À¦û¤F¦oªº²Ä¤@¥ô¤V¤Ò¡F¤k¨à»P¦o¦@¶ù²Ä¤GÓ¤V¤Ò¡C¦³¤@¬q°ÝµªªºÔU¹|»¡©úÓ¤¤©}§éÂ÷©_ªº¦]½t¡G¡u©p³oªá®e¤ë»ª¬ü¤H¡A¹ï©ó¤TÄ_²`«H°@·q¡C©Ò©êªº¨k«Ä¦hºÝ¥¿¡A½Ð°Ý¬O©pªº¤°»ò¿Ë¡H¡v¡u¦n¤ßªº±Cùªù½ÐÅ¥¡G³o¬O§Úªº¦PM¤§§Ì¡A¤]¬O§ÚªºM¥S©Ò¥Í¡A§Úªº¤V¤Ò¬O¥Lôô¡A¦ý§Ú¤]¬O¦¹¨à¥À¿Ë¡A¥Lªº¥Í¤÷¬O§ÚÄ~¤÷¡AÄ~¤÷§@¤F§Úªº¤V¤Ò¡A¸tªÌ·O´d§i¶D¤F§Ú¡C¡v½¬ªá¦â¾D¹J¨ì³o¤@¶ÃÛªº±B«ÃÃö«Y¡A§@ªÌ»{¬°¡u½¬ªá¦âªº¥»©Ê¡A«o¬O¤@ӳ̳̪¾®¢ªº¤k¤H¡C¡K¡K¦b«U¤§»Ú¡A¦o¬O¤@Ó®öº©·¬yªº·¹Ð¤k¤H¡F¥X®a¤§«á¡A«o¬OÓ«ù«ßÂÔÄYªºÀYªû¦æªÌ¡C¡K¡K½¬ªá¦â¬O¸t¤ñ¥C¥§¤¤ªº¯«³q²Ä¤@¡A¦ý¦o«o¦º©ó´£±C¹F¦h¤§¤â¡C¡vÁöµM¡m¸tªÌªº¬G¨Æ¡D½¬ªá¦â¥§¡n¹ï©ó½¬ªá¦â¥X®a¦]½t©Òzªº»P«e¨â¤å¬Æ¤£¬Û¦P¡A®Ú¾Ú§@ªÌ¤§¶[¡G¡u¬J¬O¤@½g¸tªÌªº¶Ç°O¡A¤º®e©M¨Æ¹ê¡A³£¬O¦³®Ú¾Ú¦³¥X³Bªº¡Aµ§ªÌµ´¤£´±¦k¥[¤@¨Æ¡A³o¬O¥i¹ïŪªÌt³dªº¡C¡v¥H§@ªÌ¦p¦¹·V«ªººA«×¡A©Ò¥Hµ§ªÌ¤]¤Þ¥Î¨Ó¸É¥R»¡©ú½¬ªá¦âªº¥Í¥¸g¾ú¡C
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66. ¨£T 4.212.611a5-6.
67. °ÑT 4.212.611a6-14.
68. °ÑT 4.212.655c18-24.
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¡i°Ñ¦Ò®Ñ¥Ø¡j
The Jātaka-together with its commentary being Tales of the anterior births of Gotama Buddha, for the first time edited in the original Pali by V. Fausböll, Vol ¢», ¡]Oxford: Pali Text Society, reprinted 1990¡^
Jātaka- Aṭṭhakathā Khuddakanikāye tatiyo bhāgo-Devanāgar edition of the Pali text of the chaṭṭha saṇgāyana¡]India: published by Vipassana Research Institute; Taipei: co-published, printed and donated by The Corporate Body of the Buddha Educational Foundation, first edition, 1998¡^
The Jātaka or Stories of the buddha's former births, translated from the Pali by various hands,under the editorship of Professor E. B. Cowell, Vol ¢», translated by H. T. Francis, M.A. and R. A. Neil, M.A., ¡]London and Boston: published by The Pali Text Society, London, reprinted 1973¡^
Buddhist Stories from the Dhammapada Commentary Part IV, translated by E. W. Burlingame ¡]Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society , 1988¡^
The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha-A new Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya-Translated from the Pali, Original Translation by Bhikkhu Banamoli, translation edited and revised by Bhikkhu Bodhi,¡]Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society¡^
¥úºÐª© Pali Text Society's new Tipitaka CD-ROM' Palitext Version 1.0'¡]Bangkok: Dhammakaya Foundation, 1996¡^
Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names, by G. P. Malalasekera, D. Litt., Ph. D., M.A. O.B.E. Vol. 1. pp. 418¡ã420¡]London and Boston: The Pali Text Society, 1974¡^
T. W. Rhys Davids¡DWilliam Stede¦X½s¡]Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, reprint 1997¡^
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Gregory Schopen, Austin: If You Can¡¦t Remember, How to Make It Up: Some Monastic Rules for Redacting Canonical Texts ¡]Indica et Tibetica¡D30, Bauddhavidyāsudhākara.h, studies in Honour of Heinz Bechert on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday, edited by Petra Kieffer-Pülz and Jens-Uwe Hartmann¡^
¡m°êĶ¤@¤Á¸g¦L«×¼¶z³¡¡D¥»½t³¡¤Q¡n¡]©¥³¥¯u¶¯½s¿è¡AªF¨Ê¡G¤jªF¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1971¦~§ïq¡^
¤ô³¥¥°¤¸µÛ¡mÇͤ@Çæ»yÃã¨å¡Ð¥I¡DÇͤ@Çæ»y²¤¤åªk¡n¡]ªF¨Ê¡G¬K¬îªÀ¡A1975¦~¤Gq¤T¨ê¡^
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